The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the gait of 20 patients with hemiplegia secondary to cerebrovascular accident (CVA) before and after a treatment regimen of resisted pelvic motions. Ten women and 10 men were studied, with a mean age of 48 years and a mean duration post-CVA of two months. Nine subjects (45%) were right hemiplegic, and 11 subjects (55%) were left hemiplegic. ...

PURPOSE Best practice strategies for helping students learn the reasoning skills of problem solving and critical thinking (CT) remain a source of conjecture, particularly with regard to CT. The dental education literature is fundamentally devoid of research on the cognitive components of clinical decision-making. AIM This study was aimed to develop and evaluate the impact of blended learning ...

OBJECTIVE This study's objective was to determine whether attendance at lectures in a block conference format improves residents' knowledge. METHODS Seventeen family medicine residents were tested on the content of 27 lectures delivered in a block conference format over a 6-month period. For each lecture, residents completed a pretest, a short-term posttest, and a long-term posttest (1--3 wee...

The effectiveness of static versus dynamic learning material was tested using fish biodiversity as learning domain. Eighteen fish species were presented either as videos or selected freeze-frames to students. Thereafter, students exercised identifying these species in their natural habitats during snorkeling. Students’ knowledge of biodiversity was measured from test videos before (posttest 1) ...

Adding a pretest as a covariate to a randomized posttest-only design increases statistical power, as does the addition of intermediate time points to a randomized pretest-posttest design. Although typically 5 waves of data are required in this instance to produce meaningful gains in power, a 3-wave intensive design allows the evaluation of the straight-line growth model and may reduce the effec...

This paper investigates the effectiveness of concordance-based material for an EFL problem—misordering in expressions of measurement. A specifically designed preand posttest is developed for testing Thai students’ ability to use the expression. The sample comprises four groups of university students in their first and second years (two groups each). One first year group and one sophomore group ...

Using a pretest and posttest comparison group design, this 20 weeks study investigated the effects of a phonological awareness training program (PATP) on attention efficiency (AE) in 57 children (age = 5 to 6 years) at risk. The experimental group received the PATP (EG; n=30). We obtained pretest and posttest measures of phonological awareness and AE. The ANOVA showed significant interaction ef...

PURPOSE Reactions to contrast material are uncommon in diagnostic radiology, and vary in clinical presentation from urticaria to life-threatening anaphylaxis. Prior studies have demonstrated a high error rate in contrast reaction management, with smaller studies using simulation demonstrating variable data on effectiveness. We sought to assess the effectiveness of high-fidelity simulation in te...

Two programs, containing fictitious subject matter, were employed in a study designed to compare the teaching effectiveness (as measured by posttest) of textual material presented (1) as contingencies for responses in a program, or (2) as material upon which responses were not contingent. The content of the programs was identical, and they differed only in that material whose reading was necess...