Lateral approach spine surgery provides effective interbody stabilization, and correction and indirect neural decompression with minimal-incision and less invasive surgery compared with conventional open anterior lumbar fusion. It may also avoid the trauma to paraspinal muscles or facet joints found with transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and posterior lumbar interbody fusion. However, beca...

BACKGROUND: Difficulty of reconstruction of the eyelids arises from the need to reconstruct different supporting and covering structures in a single operation. Defects in the anterior lamella of the eyelids can be readily repaired with skin grafts or flaps but posterior lamellar reconstruction needs more complex applications. METHODS: We performed posterior lamellar eyelid reconstruction with p...

To introduce the technique of anatomical retroperitoneoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (ARRPLND) was performed in 12 consecutive patients with a clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ-cell tumor (NSGCT) between February 2008 and October 2010. All procedures were performed using a modified template nerve-sparing approach. The retroperitoneal space was adequately expanded using double...

PURPOSE Incision of the anterior layer of Denonvilliers' fascia is commonly cited as a key step in successful dissection of the vasa deferentia and seminal vesicles from the posterior bladder neck during laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. However, anatomical descriptions do not support the presence of Denonvilliers' fascia anterior to the seminal vesicles. To address this inconsistency we perf...

There is still little agreement among the anatomists and surgeons about the definition, nature, extent, attachments or functions of the transversalis fascia even when during laparoscopic surgery, structures are magnified, and various fascial planes are more clearly defined than in open surgery. In the present study while doing laparoscopic total extraperitoneal preperitoneal (TEP/TEPP) mesh her...

AIM To investigate the detailed microscopic anatomic structures of the lower eyelid in Korean cadavers. METHODS Eight lower eyelids of 4 formalin-fixed Asian cadavers (4 males; age range, 48-69 years; mean age, 60.2 years) were examined. Three perpendicular dissected sections with a 2mm thickness were obtained from each eyelid to investigate anatomic shapes, size and relationship with surroun...

Treatment of aortic prosthetic graft infections remains a challenge. One frequently encountered technical difficulty when removing an infected prosthetic aortic graft is how to close a short, friable remnant aortic stump. We present three case reports in which we used a layer of posterior rectus fascia-peritoneum to bolster oversewing a short infected aortic stump after removal of an infected a...

Retro peritoneum is the potential space between transversalis fascia of the posterior abdominal wall and posterior parietal peritoneum. It extends from diaphragm to the pelvic brim in its supero-inferior aspect. Retroperitoneal space is sub divided into 3 areas by fascial planes-Anterior renal and posterior renal fascia, which join together lateral to kidneys on either side to form later conal ...