background: pain in infancy is a developmental process. due to the underdeveloped pain pathways in the spinal cord, the threshold of stimulation and sensation of pain is low at birth and has potential impacts on increasing the central effects of pain. primary trauma during infancy can cause long term changes in structure and function of pain pathways that continue until adulthood. lack of pain ...

Hip fractures are intensely painful, so post‐operative analgesia is an integral part of patient care for early rehabilitation and mobility.[1] Local anaesthetics with epidural additives ideally should provide stable haemodynamics and prolonged analgesia. There is limited literature comparing dexmedetomidine and ketamine as epidural additives. We conducted a study of continuous epidural infusion...

There has been an exponential growth in the volume of shoulder surgery in the last 2 decades and a very wide variety of anaesthetic techniques have emerged to provide anaesthesia and post-operative analgesia. In this article we examine current opinion, risks, benefits and practicalities of anaesthetic practice and the provision of post-operative analgesia for shoulder surgery.

Background: Caudal block is a regional anesthesia technique most commonly used for post-operative analgesia in children undergoing infraumbilical surgeries. The local anesthetics used in caudal block have the shortcoming of less duration of action which can be increased by adding adjuncts. The aim of our study was to compare the duration of post-operative analgesia when 0.2% ropivacaine versus ...

The aim of this study was to explore the intensity of post-arthroscopy knee pain during the first 24 hours, and to study the influence of pre-operative pain, tourniquet time and amount of surgical trauma on post-arthroscopy pain. In 78 male patients that underwent elective arthroscopic menisectomy or diagnostic arthroscopy of the knee, preoperative and post-operative pain were registered using ...

Background and Aims:Ensuring adequate analgesia in the post-operative period is an indispensable part of a balanced anesthesia technique with increasing scope of day care surgery and emphasis on early discharge. In children undergoing infraumbilical and lower limb surgeries, caudal block is a reliable and safe technique that can be used with general anesthesia for intra and post-operative analg...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Paravertebral block, pectoral nerve (Pecs) block and wound infiltration are three modalities for post-operative analgesia following breast surgery. This study compares the analgesic efficacy of these techniques for post-operative analgesia. METHODS Sixty-five patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists' physical status 1 or 2 undergoing modified radical mastectomy ...

BACKGROUND Achieving post operative pain management is difficult with the use of only opioids analgesia. Multimodal pain management is a method to improve post operative analgesia with minimal side effects. Pregabalin has an analgesic and opioids sparing effects in post operative analgesia. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of premedication with pregabali...