amara in jurisprudential sources is said to any evidence which indicate the fact. indication is not definitively in the sight of foghaha and osooliyeen, but due to the prevailing conjecture which can be achieved from that evidence. witnesses’ testimony (bayyinah) as valid evidence in the jurisprudence and law is known as an “amara” in the sight of jurists witch its validity is from legislator. ...

BACKGROUND Aesthetic surgery procedures have been performed at dramatically increased rates in recent years in Iran. Few researches exist documenting the usage of body image coping strategies and its relationship in seeking surgery. METHODS The present research examined data from 90 aesthetic surgery participants (30 Subjects each in invasive, minimally-invasive, and control groups). Assessed...

A bounded formula is a pair consisting of a propositional formula φ in the first coordinate and a real number within the unit interval in the second coordinate, interpreted to express the lower-bound probability of φ. Converting conjunctive/disjunctive combinations of bounded formulas to a single bounded formula consisting of the conjunction/disjunction of the propositions occurring in the coll...

1. Introduction. The purpose of this paper is to present a theory of in-ductive inference and rational acceptance in scientific inquiry. A concept of relevant deduction is defined in which the truth of each and every premise of a deductive argument is essential to establishing the truth of the conclusion by deduction from the premises. This definition is based on the completely abstract notion ...

Many studies investigating post-acceptance of electronic medical records (EMR) assume that healthcare professionals exclusively base their continuance behavior on reasoned actions. While rational considerations certainly affect the intention to use an EMR, it does not fully explain the definitive user continuance behavior. Evidence exists that also subliminal effects such as habits and emotions...

Kernel methods are widely used in statistical learning techniques. We recently introduced a general kernel framework based on weighted transducers or rational relations, rational kernels, to extend kernel methods to the analysis of variable-length sequences or more generally weighted automata. These kernels are efficient to compute and have been successfully used in applications such as spoken-...

BACKGROUND Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) assumes that rational beliefs act as cognitive protective factors against the development of psychopathology; however little empirical evidence exists regarding the nature of the possible protective effects that they offer. AIMS The current study investigates whether rational beliefs moderate the impact of irrational beliefs on posttraumati...