The results of imbedding cellophane subcutaneously in rats were compared with previous results with polystyrene; 280 films were imbedded subcutaneously in 140 rats, which were divided into three groups and observed for tumor incidence. All animals were permitted to live out their life span. Group I: Films were removed at monthly intervals from the enveloping pockets induced. Group II : Pockets ...

High-density polymer brushes on substrates exhibit unique properties and functions stemming from the extended conformations due to the surface constraint. To date, such chain organizations have been mostly attained by synthetic strategies of surface-initiated living polymerization. We show herein a new method to prepare a high-density polymer brush architecture using surface segregation and sel...

We have measured the vibrational Raman spectrum of a 1.2-microm-thick polystyrene film by using this film as an optical waveguide in a waveguide-stimulated Raman gain experiment. A gain factor of 1.3% was measured for the strong benzene mode at 1002 cm(-1). This value is in reasonable agreement with theoretical predictions.

We observed the formation of regular nanoscale undulations on a polystyrene film when imprinted by a soft poly(dimethylsiloxane) mold above the polymer's glass transition temperature. The shape of the wave was reminiscent of a buckling wave frequently observed for a metal film supported on an elastomeric substrate. We derived a simple theoretical model based on an anisotropic buckling of the po...

This paper demonstrates the viability of in-situ transmission electron microscopy for studying the deformation mechanisms of polymer nano-composites. In-situ straining studies are performed on carbon multiwalled nanotube (MWNT)-polystyrene composite films. The experiments show that load transfer across the nanotube-polystyrene interface is operative well into the plastic deformation regime of t...

Contact electrification measurements using atomic force microscopy techniques were performed using micrometer-sized spheres made of polystyrene and flat substrates of either freshly cleaved, highly oriented pyrolytic graphite ~HOPG! or a 0.2-mm-thick Au@111# film grown on mica. The polystyrene/HOPG interaction exhibited significant electrostatic charging when compared to the polystyrene/Au syst...

The control of dewetting for thin polymer films is a technical challenge and of significant academic interest. We have used polystyrene nanoparticles to inhibit dewetting of high molecular weight, linear polystyrene, demonstrating that molecular architecture has a unique effect on surface properties. Neutron reflectivity measurements were used to demonstrate that the nanoparticles were uniforml...

We study the capillary wave dynamics of a single viscoelastic supported film and of a double layer of immiscible viscoelastic supported films. Using both simple scaling arguments and a continuum hydrodynamic theory, we investigate the effects of viscoelasticity and interfacial slip on the relaxation dynamics of these capillary waves. Our results account for the recent observation of a wavelengt...

The effect of carbon nanotubes on polymer macromolecular orientation structure during stretching of syndiotactic polystyrene/carbon nanotube nanocomposite film was quantitatively studied for the first time by an infrared dichroism technique.