in 2007 and 2008, the influence of pollen source on the shell and kernel traits of resulting seeds and on fruit set was examined to evaluate the potential for xenia or metaxenia in persian walnut. pistillate flowers of ‘jamal’, ‘chandler’, ‘hartley’ and ‘pedro’ were crossed with the pollen of ‘serr’, ‘z60’ and ‘damavand’. the pistillate flowers on each female parent were covered about one week ...

BACKGROUND Respiratory allergy to the pollen of Cupressaceae is becoming more and more common every year in the Mediterranean area. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to see whether the allergenic potency of Cupressus arizonica pollen diminished after a 6-year period (1994-2000). MATERIALS AND METHODS Among the Cupressaceae, we selected the pollen of C arizonica. The mode of sampling i...

background:  stresses such as heat shock, starvation, or osmotic is essential to lead isolated microspores towards embryogenesis. despite the effectiveness of stresses in embryogenesis, they exert adverse effects on metabolism and growth of the regenerated plants.objectives: the effects of heat shock and 2,4-d treatment on total protein content of treated microspores, morphological and physiolo...

In this study, the nutritional and storage quality of meatballs formulated with different levels (0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0%) of bee pollen were investigated during storage at 41℃ for 9 d. Protein content of meatballs increased, while moisture content decreased with increased pollen. The addition of pollen improved cooking loss but decreased the redness (Hunter a value) and sensory scores. Textu...

Aloe greatheadii var. davyana is the most important indigenous South African bee plant. Fresh, bee-collected and stored pollen of this aloe was collected and analysed for its nutritional content, including amino acid and fatty acid composition. Highly significant differences were found between the three types of pollen. Collection and storage by the bees resulted in increased water (13-21% wet ...

1. Although it is well established that different plant species vary considerably in the quality of pollinator rewards they offer, it is unclear how plant reproductive systems, in particular an obligate dependence on insects for pollination, might influence the evolution of pollinator rewards. Moreover, unlike the interaction between nectar reward and pollinator visitation, we have a limited un...

Protein derived from pollen is an essential component of healthy bee diets. content in honey foraged-pollen varies temporally and spatially, but the drivers underlying this variation remain poorly characterized. We assessed temporal spatial collected 12 Michigan apiaries over 3 summers (2015–2017). simultaneously monitored forage flowering habitats (uncultivated floristically-rich areas conserv...

Bee gathered pollen is regarded as valuable special food and is used also in apitherapy. A production method, that ensures good pollen quality is described, as well as the main quality criteria, that can be included in a future standard. There are sensory, microbiological and physico-chemical quality criteria. Most important for the pollen quality is the water content. It is proposed, that the ...