This article provides an in-depth survey of political representation in Liquid Democracy (LD). More precisely, it refutes two potential criticisms: 1) LD impoverishes the concept relative to existing representative democracies; 2) undermines centrality parties. In answer (1), shows that is compatible with a selection model representation, which proxies are characterized as gyroscopic representa...

I examine the differential responsiveness of U.S. senators to the preferences of rich and poor constituents. My analysis includes broad summary measures of senators' roll call voting behavior as well as specific votes on the minimum wage, civil rights, government spending, and abortion. In every instance, senators appear to be much more responsive to the opinions of affluent constituents than t...