I n the preceding article, I proposed live delinitions of strategy -as a plan, ploy, pattern, position, and perspective. Drawing on these, I wish to investigate here the question of why organizations really do need strategies. In discussing some of the conventional reasons as well as other ones-to set direction, focus effort, define the organization, provide consistency-I will consider how thes...

The start of the 2nd year is a period of transition and substantial variability among toddlers in ploy and attention abilities. This longitudinal study exomined the ontecedents of voriotion among 13-month-old toddlers in these exploratory competencies in the infonts’ own informotion-processing obilities at 5 months (indexed by visuol fixotion in the loboroton/), the infonts’ vocal and explorato...

As far back as 2005, Sir Nigel Crisp (Chief Executive of the NHS) argued for “entrepreneurial leaders” capable of bringing “vision, leadership and passion” to the NHS, and who “generate new and alternative solutions that extend the boundaries of healthcare (and) challenge factors that are growth-limiting and refuse to accept the status quo”i. Harnessing the language of entrepreneurship was a cl...

As natural resources become less abundant, we naturally become more interested in, and more adept at utilisation of waste materials. In doing this we are bringing to bear a ploy which is of key importance in learning | or so I argue in this paper. In thèTruth from Trash' model, learning is viewed as a process which uses environmental feedback to assemble fortuitous sensory predispositions (sens...