atypical connections in the formation of the brachial plexus are prevalent and have been reported in different articles. the present report describes a case of variation of the median nerve observed in the iranian male cadaver during routine trial dissection. there are three roots for median nerve. median nerve is formed by joining two lateral and medial cords of brachial plexus. third root of ...

conclusions our study showed that dexmedetomidine had better effects on sensory and motor block duration and motor block onset in comparison with ketorolac, as lidocaine adjuvants in infraclavicular brachial plexus block were present in both protocols. however, the first time to analgesic request by ketorolac was longer than dexmedetomidine. objectives the purpose of this study was to examine t...

a rare anatomical innervation of the musculocutaneous nerve m.m. taghavi msc , m. shariati kohbanani msc , s.m. seyedmirzaee md received: 24/09/06 sent for revision: 20/02/07 received revised manuscript: 07/04/07 accepted: 27/05/07 background and objectives: anatomically the musculocutaneous nerve (c5,6 ) is a branch of lateral cord of the brachial plexus and its motor nerve fibers innervates t...

Introduction: The brachial plexus is responsible for the innervation to the upper limb and some parts of the thorax. Variations in the branching of the brachial plexus are common and have been reported in 65.3% of the population. The variations (Atypical communication) of brachial plexus have significant clinical and surgical importance. Methods: In this study 10 upper limbs which belonged...

BACKGROUND The Wnt and BMP signaling pathways are involved in the morphogenesis of both gastrointestinal and choroid plexus epithelium. In the intestine, Wnt signaling represses the expression of the tumor suppressor gene CDX2 via SOX9, a transcription factor, which is also expressed in the choroid plexus. Recently, an inverse correlation between CDX2 expression and tumor grade, tumor stage and...

Upper Miocene (~6 Ma) sediments from a north-south transect of Ocean Drilling Program Holes 848B, 849B, 850B, 851B across the equator in Eastern Pacific record an episode unusual skeletal variability associated with silicoflagellate Bachmannocena diodon subsp. nodosa (Bukry) Bukry, 1987. Skeletons this plexus persisted for between 55,000 and 75,000 years include arch 2-sided basal ring, highly ...

The choroid plexus, an epithelial-based structure localized in the brain ventricle, is the major component of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. The choroid plexus produces the cerebrospinal fluid and regulates the components of the cerebrospinal fluid. Abnormal choroid plexus function is associated with neurodegenerative diseases, tumor formation in the choroid plexus epithelium, and hydro...

[n diagnostic iieuropathology, the histological distinctions betweeii nonn"l choroid plexus, typical aiid atypical choroid plexus papilloma aiid choroid plexus carciiioma may cause difficulties. [mmunohistocheinistry was applied for proliferatiiig cell nuclear antigeii oii 7 samples of nonnal choroid plexus, 12 typical papillomas, 10 atypical papillomas, and 3 choroid plexus carcinomas to evalu...

Microvascular changes during the development of follicles in bovine ovaries were studied by scanning electron microscopy of corrosion casts. A clear vascular plexus of ovarian follicles appeared at the stage when secondary follicles were 200-400 microns in diameter. The plexus consisted initially of a thin, roughly structured and single-layered capillary network. During follicular development, ...

OBJECT Malignant progression of choroid plexus papillomas has been occasionally reported, but this issue has not yet been systematically addressed. METHODS Frequency and extent of malignant progression were examined in a retrospective series of 124 primary choroid plexus papillomas using uniform histological criteria. RESULTS After gross-total resection and a mean follow-up period of 59 mon...