We focus the minimization of 1D free discontinuity problem with second order energy dependent on jump integrals but not on the cardinality of the discontinuity set, in the framework of L∞ load. The related energies are not lower semi continuous in BH. Nevertheless we show that if a safe load condition is fulfilled then minimizers exist and they belong actually to SBH, say their second derivativ...

In order to investigate the dynamic response of reinforced concrete spatial frames caused by initial damages, a six-story frame model is analyzed by employing the nonlinear dynamic methodology in accordance with the alternate path method issued by General Services Administration. In this paper, the fiber model and force-based beam-column element are utilized in OpenSees. Four various scenarios ...

A procedure for efficient three-dimensional nonlinear time-history analysis of steel framed buildings is derived. It incorporates two types of nonlinear beam elements—the plastic hinge type and the elastofiber type—and nonlinear panel zone elements to model yielding and strain-hardening in moment-frames. Floors and roofs of buildings are modeled using 4-node elastic diaphragm elements. The proc...

The behavior of reinforced concrete with large strain under dynamic loading is non-linear. The non-linear modeling of the reality exactly is much difficult due to a lot of boundary conditions and limited resources. However, the engineering requirement of solutions is somehow relaxed. i.e. it only needs to be within certain limits of errors. This paper presents the interpretation of the structur...