concerns related to climate change and security of energy supply is pushing various countries to make strategic energy planning decisions. in this regard, energy system modelling is an appropriate method to find out the utilization of current declining non-renewable energy resources and other possible scenarios. consequently, it is available to consider various aspects of energy system decision...

background: it was intended to investigate the effect of physical wedge (pw) and enhanced dynamic wedges (edw) on contralateral breast dose during primary breast irradiation in radiotherapy treatment, using high energy photon beams. materials and methods: the varian’s clinac dual mode linear accelerator model 2100 c/d and siemen’s primus accelerators were used for radiation doses with 6 mv and ...

land use planning is a science that determines the type of land use through studying the ecological character of the land as well as its socio-economic structure. it is possible to plan for the appropriate use of the land and to enhance the present management of the land use by utilizing geographical information system (gis). to this end, our investigators identified and took steps toward devel...

this paper considers the spatial planning system in russian federation. study of spatial planning system of russia specifies three different stages from each other. the first phase consists of the sixteenth century until the early twentieth century. in this period, base of the spatial planning was formed and gradually developed during approximately 400 years. the next phase is devoted to soviet...

tower cranes are major and expensive equipment that are extensively used at building construction projects and harbors for lifting heavy objects to demand points. the tower crane locating problem to position a tower crane and supply points in a building construction site for supplying all requests in minimum time, has been raised from more than twenty years ago. this problem has already been so...