The IEEE standard on piezoelectricity recommends methods to determine the coefficients of piezoelectric ceramics and the sizes of the samples to be used. A method to determine the difference between the actual coefficients and the coefficients determined using the IEEE standard is presented. The difference or error for samples of various shapes and sizes is presented. These errors and manufactu...

Due to issues with Pb toxicity, there is an urgent need for high performance Pb-free alternatives to Pb-based piezoelectric ceramics. Although pure BaTiO3 material exhibits fairly low piezoelectric coefficients, further designing of such a material system greatly enhances the piezoelectric response by means of domain engineering, defects engineering, as well as phase boundary engineering. Espec...

Since ceramics in the PbZrO3–PbTiO3 binary system display excellent piezoelectric properties and those in BiFeO3–PbTiO3 exhibit high Curie temperatures, morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) compositions in the BiFeO3–PbZrO3–PbTiO3 ternary solid solution system are investigated for the development of piezoelectric ceramics for high temperature applications. It is found that the MPB compositions in ...

Lead-free 0.98(Na0.5K0.5)NbO3-0.02Ba(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 [0.98NKN-0.02BZT] ceramics were fabricated by the conventional mixed oxide method with sintering temperature at 1,080°C to 1,120°C. The results indicate that the sintering temperature obviously influences the structural and electrical properties of the sample. For the 0.98NKN-0.02BZT ceramics sintered at 1,080°C to 1,120°C, the bulk density i...

Piezoelectric materials characterization is a challenging problem involving physical concepts, electrical and mechanical measurements and numerical optimization techniques. Piezoelectric ceramics such as Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) belong to the 6 mm symmetry class, which requires five elastic, three piezoelectric and two dielectric constants to fully represent the material properties. If los...

Related Articles Pressure and electric field effects on piezoelectric responses of KNbO3 J. Appl. Phys. 112, 064106 (2012) Structure and properties of La-modified Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 at ambient and elevated temperatures J. Appl. Phys. 112, 054111 (2012) Modeling of dielectric and piezoelectric response of 1-3 type piezocomposites J. Appl. Phys. 112, 044107 (2012) Remarkably high-temperature stable p...

Synthesis by the hydrothermal method has various advantages, including low reaction temperature, three-dimensional substrate availability, and automatic polarization alignment during the process. In this review, powder synthesis, the fabrication of piezoelectric thin films, and their applications are introduced. A polycrystalline lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin film was applied to a micro ul...

In this paper, lead free (K0.48,Na0.52)NbO3 (KNN(48-52)) piezoelectric ceramics were made by conventional solid state sintering process. Additives of nano ZnO (n-ZnO), nano CuO (n-CuO) and nano SnO2 (n-SnO2) were used in order to decrease the sintering temperature, as well as modifying the dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric propert...

High density sodium lithium niobate lead free ceramics near the morphtropic phase boundary [NaxLi1−xNbO3, (LNN), x=0.12] were prepared by the solid state reaction method. XRD patterns showed that the lattice structures were changed after polarization. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss, pyroelectric coefficient and DSC curves of LNN ceramics showed that th...