Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) degrades in organic solvents containing dissolved molecular oxygen when irradiated with ultraviolet light. Hence, it is important to develop strategies that can enhance the photostability of P3HT and enhance the device performance. In this work, we report that preparing composites of P3HT with appropriate amounts of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) results in su...

With the emerging interest in optical in vivo imaging, there is an increasing demand of photostable near-infrared (NIR) dyes. Herein we report the rational design of an amine tricarbocyanine structure with improved photostability (CyNA) and its combinatorial derivatization to render CyNA-414 as a NIR-fluorescent dye with stronger emission intensity and higher photostability than the NIR standar...

Metal nanoclusters consist of a few to a few hundred atoms and exhibit attractive molecular properties such as ultrasmall size, discrete energy levels, and strong fluorescence. Although patterning of these clusters down to the micro- or nanoscale could lead to applications such as high-density data storage, it has been reported only for inorganic matrices. Here we present submicron-scale mask-f...

nifedipine (nif) a 1, 4-dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist, undergoes photodegradation to nitroso analogues of dehydronifedipine (ndnif) when exposed to sunlight. photodegradation products of nif have no clinical activity, so different formulations of nif must remain unchanged. if nif preparations become unstable in exposure to light, they could cause therapeutic failure. the present st...

Modified rhodamine 6G molecules (Rh-Al or Rh-Aln) with polymerizable double bonds had been copolymerized with 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives. In copolymers PRNAM, naphthalimide moieties are connected to rhodamine moieties at nitrogen atom of rhodamine moiety, and in copolymers PRNM naphthalimide moieties are connected to rhodamine moieties at ester group of rhodamine moiety. We report on their p...

We report on the intercalation of a cationic fluorescent oligo(fluorene) in between the 2D interlayer region of a fluoromica type silicate. The formation of intercalated structures with different fluorophore contents is observed in powders by synchrotron radiation XRD. Successively, the hybrids are dispersed in poly(styrene) through in situ polymerization. Such a procedure allows us to synthesi...

The synthesis and photophysical properties of water-soluble, fluorescent polyglycerol-dendronized perylenediimides 1-4 are reported. The polyglycerol dendrons, which are known to be highly biocompatible, are found to confer high water-solubility on the perylenediimide in aqueous media while retaining its excellent fluorescent properties. Furthermore, intramolecular cross-linking of the polyglyc...

The ICH Q1B guidance and additional clarifying manuscripts provide the essential information needed to conduct photostability testing for pharmaceutical drug products in the context of manufacturing, packaging, and storage. As the previous 2 papers in this series highlight for drug products administered by injection (part 1) and drug products administered via topical application (part 2), there...