Introduction: Photodynamic therapy is a noninvasive therapeutic method for tumors with a maximum depth of 5 mm. On the other hand, most photosensitizers are also susceptible to ultrasound waves (the basis of sonodynamic therapy). Therefore, it is expected that a combination of the two therapeutic methods will increase effectiveness of photodynamic therapies for lower doses of sensitizer and cur...

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women worldwide [1]. Photodynamic therapy has been used for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia with good responses, but few studies have used newer phototherapeutics. We evaluated the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy using Pc 4 in vitro and in vivo against human cervical cancer cells. METHODS CaSki and ME-180 cancer cells wer...

Coherent backscattering (CBS) is a beautiful physical phenomenon that takes place in a highly scattering medium, which has potential application in noninvasive optical property measurement. The current model that explains the CBS cone shape, however, assumes the incoming beam diameter is infinitely large compared to the transport length. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of a finite scalar ...

One of the recommended first-line treatments for basal cell carcinomas, actinic keratoses and Bowen's disease is photodynamic therapy. Commonly associated side- effects include pain and phototoxicity. Histamine release is a part of this reaction, but whealing urticaria follow noting photodynamic therapy has only been reported by the manufacturer. The aim of this study was to investigate the pre...

Accumulating evidence indicates that ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCG2 plays a key role in regulating the cellular accumulation of porphyrin derivatives in cancer cells and thereby affects the efficacy of photodynamic therapy and photodynamic diagnosis. The activity of porphyrin efflux can be affected by genetic polymorphisms in the ABCG2 gene. On the other hand, Nrf2, an NF-E2-relat...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess whether or not photodynamic therapy enhanced standard antibacterial therapy in dentistry. BACKGROUND DATA Photodynamic therapy when used as an adjunct to conventional periodontal therapy kills more bacteria than when conventional periodontal therapy is used alone. MATERIALS AND METHODS To address the focused question, "Does photodynamic therapy ...

First year of upper tropospheric integrated content of CO2 from IASI hyperspectral infrared observations C. Crevoisier, A. Chédin, H. Matsueda, T. Machida, R. Armante, and N. A. Scott Lab. de Météorologie Dynamique/CNRS/IPSL, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France Geochemical Research Department, Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan Center for Global Environmental Research, Nationa...

We study the shape of the coherent-backscattering (CBS) cone obtained when resonant light illuminates a thick cloud of laser-cooled rubidium atoms in the presence of a homogenous magnetic field. We observe new magnetic field-dependent anisotropies in the CBS signal. We show that the observed behavior is due to the modification of the atomic-radiation pattern by the magnetic field (Hanle effect ...