In many industrial equipment such as boilers and heat exchangers, the cylindrical tubes are exposed to the gas- liquid two phase flow. For any immersed body in flow field vortex shedding is created with a frequency that may be constant or variable, according to conditions such as flow rates, geometry of body, and etc. The failure will happen in the equipment, when this frequency is close to...

In low-collisionality plasmas, anisotropic heat conduction due to a magnetic field leads to buoyancy instabilities for any nonzero temperature gradient. We study analogous instabilities in degenerate collisional plasmas, i.e., when the electron collision frequency is large compared to the electron cyclotron frequency. Although heat conduction is nearly isotropic in this limit, the small residua...

In the requirements elicitation phase, operation flows of software are often defined by scenarios. It is necessary to define appropriate operation flows as scenarios in terms of easily comprehended operation flows, efficiency, etc. Then scenarios are implemented as software Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). If the operation flows are defined inappropriately, the implemented GUIs may require mod...