3D modeling method is divided into geospatial modeling and 3D geological modeling. 3D geological modeling technique has become a favorable tool for people to observe and analyze the geological body enriched in mineral resources. Unlike geospatial modeling, 3D geological modeling must consider various geological conditions affecting spatial shape and petrophysical distribution of geological body...

Petrophysical heterogeneity in the South Wasson Clear Fork (SWCF) reservoir and other shallow-water platform carbonates in the Permian Basin and elsewhere is composed of a large-scale stratigraphically controlled component and a small-scale poorly correlated component. The large-scale variability exists as a flow-unit scale petrophysical layering that is laterally persistent at interwell scales...

Seismic reservoir characterization is a well-known technique to obtain a better understanding of hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs by careful analysis and integration of petrophysical and seismic data. The petrophysical properties are normally obtained through the evaluation of well logs and core data. A rock physics model provides the link between these reservoir properties and the surface seismi...

Petrophysical interpretation of well logs acquired in organic shales and carbonates is challenging because of the presence of thin beds and spatially complex lithology; conventional interpretation techniques often fail in such cases. Recently introduced methods for thin-bed interpretation enable corrections for shoulder-bed effects on well logs but remain sensitive to incorrectly picked bed bou...

Reservoir characterization This paper gives an overview of the activities in geostatistics for the Petroleum industry in the domain of reservoir characterization. This description has been simplified in order to emphasize the original techniques involved. The main steps of a study consist in successively building: • the reservoir architecture where the geometry of the units is established, • th...

Petrophysical evaluation of petroleum reservoirs is one of the most challenging tasks for hydrocarbon reserve determination. One critical petrophysical parameter is the water saturation which is normally calculated from Archie’s equation. Carbonate reservoirs, however, due to their complex mineralogy are not good candidates for Archie’s equation because Archie’s parameters are strongly dependen...

Proper determination of bed boundaries in layered reservoirs is vital ‎for accurate petrophysical interpretation of conventional logs. In the ‎wellbore, logs continuously measure physical properties of reservoir ‎while the properties change stepwise. This continuous representation ‎of logs may lead to ignorance of some high potential reservoir zones. ‎The main reasons for continuous nature of l...

[1] Direct estimation of groundwater solute concentrations from geophysical tomograms has been only moderately successful because (1) reconstructed tomograms are often highly uncertain and subject to inversion artifacts, (2) the range of subsurface conditions represented in data sets is incomplete because of the paucity of colocated well or core data and aquifer heterogeneity, and (3) geophysic...

At the Centre for X-ray Tomography of the Ghent University (Belgium) (www.ugct.ugent.be) besides hardware development for high-resolution X-ray CT scanners, a lot of progress is being made in the field of 3D analysis of the scanned samples. Morpho+ is a flexible 3D analysis software which provides the necessary petrophysical parameters of the scanned samples in 3D. Although Morpho+ was original...

Estimation of reservoir water saturation (Sw) is one of the main tasks in well logging. Many empirical equations are available, which are, more or less, based on Archie equation. The present study is an application of Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) modeling for estimation of water saturation responses in a carbonate reservoir. Four conventional petrophysical logs (PLs) including D...