Petroleum-based products are a primary energy source in the industry and daily life. During the exploration, processing, transport and storage of petroleum and petroleum products, water or soil pollution occurs regularly. Biodegradation of the hydrocarbon pollutants by indigenous microorganisms is one of the primary mechanisms of removal of petroleum compounds from the environment. However, the...

This study tests for calendar anomalies in returns petroleum and products via the futures market, specifically, day-of-the-week (DOW) effect. The energy future contracts this are WTI (West Texas Intermediate), Brent, RBOB (Reformulated Blendstock Oxygenate Blending) Gasoline, Heating Oil, Natural Gas. Futures provide a more liquid insight into price movements relative to spot prices, where fina...

There have been several recent studies of the Japanese oil industry, but they have all focused on the impact of the abolition of the Tokusekiho, the Provisional Law relating to the Importation of Specified Petroleum Products, that restricted the importation of specified petroleum products to limited number of companies. The Tokusekiho, was abolished at the end of March 1996. However, despite th...

2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: D1318 Test Method for Sodium in Residual Fuel Oil (Flame Photometric Method) D3237 Test Method for Lead in Gasoline by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy D3340 Test Method for Lithium and Sodium in Lubricating Greases by Flame Photometer D3605 Test Method for Trace Metals in Gas Turbine Fuels by Atomic Absorption and Flame Emission Spectroscopy D3831 Test...

Various concepts for oil evaporation prediction are summarized. Models can be divided into those models that use the basis of air-boundary-regulation or those that do not. Experiments were conducted to determine if oil and petroleum evaporation is regulated by the saturation of the air boundary layer. Experiments included the examination of the evaporation rate with and without wind, in which c...

This work reports on the immobilization and performance of a hydrocarbon-degrading microorganism on polyurethane foam (PUF) in the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons. The ability of four different microorganisms to immobilize on PUF and to degrade various petroleum products (Arabian light crude (ALC), Al-Shaheen crude (ASC), diesel and oil slops) was assessed by measuring the n-alkane fra...

In 2000 the price of crude oil rose to levels not seen for more than 20 years, and as a result so did the price of oil products. The price hikes prompted public debate about the level of taxes determining the final prices paid by consumers. By one estimate, taxes accounted for 68 percent of the final price in the European Union in 2000 (OPEC 2000). But what about developing countries, where pet...

The present article describes the potential utility of derivative ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometric technique to detect petroleum products (gasoline, kerosene and diesel) in fire debris residues. Derivative UV spectra of these petroleum products were recorded in their neat state, and compared with those obtained from fire debris samples in order to distinguish them. Derivative UV spectrophoto...