The Trachycarpus fortunei palm is a good example of a palm with a large leaf blade supported by a correspondingly large petiole. The way in which the material and functional properties of the petiole interact is analysed using engineering and botanical methods with a view to understanding how the petiole functions from a structural standpoint. Initially, the histological aspects of the petiole ...

urtica dioica l. is an iranian native pharmacological plant for which little attention has been paid to the anatomical structure. medical applications of this plant include diabetes therapy, digestive improvement, anemia and kidney disease therapy. because climatic conditions can affect the anatomical structure which in turn affects pharmacological compositions, research on the anatomy of this ...

In rosette plants, root flooding (waterlogging) triggers rapid upward (hyponastic) leaf movement representing an important architectural stress response that critically determines plant performance in natural habitats. The directional growth is based on localized longitudinal cell expansion at the lower (abaxial) side of the leaf petiole and involves the volatile phytohormone ethylene (ET). We ...

An efficient protocol for callus induction and somatic embryogenesis of Cyclamen premium Mill. Was developed. In this study we investigate difference between response of two explants type leaf and petiole and two medium salt concentrations MS and 1⁄2 MS on callus percentage and somatic embryo number. Media was non-significant on callus production but leaf explants was better than petiole and in...

There are two optima for maximizing hydraulic conductance per vasculature volume in plants. Murray's law (ML) predicts the optimal conduit taper for a fixed change in conduit number across branch ranks. The opposite, the Yarrum optimum (YO), predicts the optimal change in conduit number for a fixed taper. We derived the solution for YO and then evaluated compliance with both optima within the x...

The impact of water deficit on stomatal conductance (g(s)), petiole hydraulic conductance (K(petiole)), and vulnerability to cavitation (PLC, percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity) in leaf petioles has been observed on field-grown vines (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chasselas). Petioles were highly vulnerable to cavitation, with a 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity at a stem xylem water potential ...

The transport of water, sugar, and nutrients in trees is restricted to specific vascular pathways, and thus organs may be relatively isolated from one another (i.e. sectored). Strongly sectored leaf-to-leaf pathways have been shown for the transport of sugar and signal molecules within a shoot, but not previously for water transport. The hydraulic sectoriality of leaf-to-leaf pathways was deter...

Plants display a range of striking architectural adaptations when grown at elevated temperatures. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, these include elongation of petioles, and increased petiole and leaf angles from the soil surface. The potential physiological significance of these architectural changes remains speculative. We address this issue computationally by formulating a mathematica...

Urtica dioica L. is an Iranian native pharmacological plant for which little attention has been paid to the anatomical structure. Medical applications of this plant include diabetes therapy, digestive improvement, anemia and kidney disease therapy. Because climatic conditions can affect the anatomical structure which in turn affects pharmacological compositions, research on the anatomy of this ...