According to many modern economic theories, actions simply reflect an individual's preferences, whereas a psychological phenomenon called "cognitive dissonance" claims that actions can also create preference. Cognitive dissonance theory states that after making a difficult choice between two equally preferred items, the act of rejecting a favorite item induces an uncomfortable feeling (cognitiv...

Poignancy is a mixed emotional experience that occurs in the face of meaningful endings (Ersner-Hershfield et al. J Pers Soc Psychol 94(1):158–167, 2008). Despite documentation of the phenomenological component of poignancy, no study to date has examined the relationship between such a state and information processing. We therefore examined the link between poignancy and attentional patterns us...

An approach which could be used for quick searches for RAPD markers is described for groups of radish lines with certain morphological traits. The lines are characterized by various morpho-physiological abnormalities, including tumor formation (lines 12, 19, and 21) and non-terminal development of the flower meristem as a variant of tumor growth (line 6). We found four markers which differentia...

Quercetin 3-O-beta-(2(")-galloyl)-rhamnopyranoside (QGR) is a naturally occurring quercitrin gallate, which is a polyphenolic compound that was originally isolated from Persicaria lapathifolia (Polygonaceae). QGR has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore, this study was conducted to in...

In this study, four specimens belonging to Karaj mycoflora were examined. According to the results, two form – species; Diplosporonema delastrei, on Silene latifolia subsp. persica and Piggotia ulmi, on Ulmus sp. are reported with new names. For some of the identified fungal specimens, new hosts (matrix nova) are introduced. Moreover, many taxa such as , Marssonina kriegeriana on Salix sp.,  Se...

Scarcity of water suitable for human use has influenced the history of mankind profoundly (4) and is now of major concern in the United States. It is of acute local concern in Phoenix, Ariz. and desert environs, where a rapidly increasing human population depends on one remote watershed (Salt River) for its primary water supply (2). Here, problems of watershed management are not of mere scholar...

Upper Miocene (~6 Ma) sediments from a north-south transect of Ocean Drilling Program Holes 848B, 849B, 850B, 851B across the equator in Eastern Pacific record an episode unusual skeletal variability associated with silicoflagellate Bachmannocena diodon subsp. nodosa (Bukry) Bukry, 1987. Skeletons this plexus persisted for between 55,000 and 75,000 years include arch 2-sided basal ring, highly ...