Talon cusp occurs as a result of disturbances during the morpho-differentiation stage of tooth development. It is more common on the palatal surface of the permanent maxillary incisors. It can be unilateral/bilateral, but can also occur on the same tooth. Only 2 published reports exist documenting talons on both labial and lingual surfaces of the same tooth in permanent incisors. The purpose of...

Carotid artery is the most important artery that carries the major part of the blood supply to the head and neck. The branching of the common carotid artery usually occurs at the upper edge of the thyroid cartilage. The placement of carotid sinus has also increased its importance in this area. Considering the clinical importance of knowledge about carotid artery variations, this case is reporte...

abstract : horizontal root fractures in permanent teeth are uncommon injuries among dental traumas. the principle of treating horizontal root fractures of permanent teeth is repositioning and fixation of fractured segment. diagnosis of tooth fractures based on radiographic findings and the fracture healing process are affected by factors before and after injury. the present case reports the tre...

This study presents a new method to estimate the locations of voters, parties, and European political groups in the same ideological space using left-right placements by voters. We apply our method to the 2009 European Election Survey and demonstrate that the improvement in party estimates that one gains from fixing various survey bias issues is significant. Our scaling strategy provides left-r...

Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained arrhythmia in adults, and it is described as a relationship between it and right atrium thrombosis. A case of a 76-year-old man who presented with severe recent-onset dyspnea and several co-morbidities, such as permanent atrial fibrillation, with no anticoagulant therapy is reported here. Echocardiography showed a massive thrombus in ...

Right atrial thrombosis is a rare complication of permanent endocardial pacing. We report two cases with large right atrial thrombi which occurred during permanent endocardial electrical stimulation. Both patients were women, aged 83 and 89 years, who died suddenly, respectively, one month and 24 days after pacemaker implantation. At the time of death the two patients were in severe persistent ...