now a days, management and control of perishable inventories is important in many units and industrial enterprises. basically perishable inventory management and control is more complex and challenging than inventories with unlimited lifetime. hence determining the optimal inventory policies for these products is very important.  in this paper, the optimal inventory policy for perishable items ...

In this paper, we deal with the problem of a fixed number of units of a certain perishable commodity over a continuous time horizon. Airline seats, hotel rooms, advertising space in newspapers, and some seasonal products that must be sold before the end of the season are examples of such commodities that cannot be carried over and are not storable for consumers. This paper considers such a prob...

Managing perishable food in a retail store is quite difficult because of the product’s short lifetime and deterioration. Many elements, such as price, shelf space allocation, and quality, which can affect the consumption rate, should be taken into account when the perishable food retail chain is designed. The modern tracking technologies provide good opportunities to improve the management of t...

This vehicle routing problem involves finding a set of trips, one for each vehicle and to pick up known quantities of perishable goods from a set of geographically dispersed suppliers to the cargo terminal of an international airport in south India. The pickup time is based on the deterministic departure time of the flights. The objective of this Vehicle routing problem with Pickup and Delivery...

Selection and transport of materials for tools is ubiquitous throughout our species’ evolutionary history. Yet understanding early human material culture heavily skewed toward lithic technology. This poses challenges when reconstructing technical origins, as organic raw materials, especially plants, likely played a significant role despite their absence from the record until 300 kya. Studies pl...

⎯In many industries, sellers have the opportunity to enhance their revenues through the dynamic pricing of their perishable products such as flight seats, hotel rooms, or seasonal fashion goods that become worthless if they are not sold by a specific time. Therefore, how to dynamically adjust the prices of perishable products through differentiating the purchased time and the amount of unsold i...

We address the problem of determining optimal ordering and pricing policies in a finite-horizon newsvendor model with unobservable lost sales. The demand distribution is price-dependent and involves unknown parameters. We consider both the cases of perishable and non-perishable inventory. A very general class of demand functions is studied in this paper. We derive the optimal ordering and prici...

Following abstraction and treatment water becomes a vulnerable and perishable product. It is vulnerable in that the integrity of systems used for the storage and distribution of water can be damaged and contamination through ingress can occur. It is perishable in that its microbial quality can deteriorate due to the bacteria remaining after treatment growing on the residual nutrient in the wate...

This study addresses the production planning problem for perishable products, in which the cost and shortage of products are minimized subject to a set of constraints such as warehouse space, labor working time and machine time. Using the concept of postponement, the production process for perishable products is differentiated into two phases to better utilize the resources. A two-stage stochas...