The actions of clinical concentrations of volatile anaesthetic halothane and isoflurane were compared with those of pentobarbitone on identified neurons of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. Application of halothane and isoflurane (1% v/v and 2% v/v), to the CNS of Lymnaea caused the strongly electrically coupled neurons VD1 and RPD2 to become quiescent, with a significant increase in membrane p...

Using microdialysis, we examined the effects of ketamine and pentobarbitone on acetylcholine (ACh) release from the rat hippocampus and striatum. Ketamine 25 and 50 mg kg-1 increased ACh release from the hippocampus to 295% and 353% of basal release, respectively, but not from the striatum. SCH 23390 1 mumol litre-1, a D1 antagonist, significantly inhibited the facilitatory effect of ketamine 5...

Although anaesthetics are widely used to alleviate stress in endotoxaemic animals, these drugs themselves may interfere with the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The effects of LPS on serum glucose, biochemical markers of hepatic, renal and pancreatic exocrine function, and lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were compared using anaesthesia with either urethane/chloralose or pentobarbitone....

The cytochrome P450 protective activity of Sapindus mukorossi and Rheum emodi were evaluated against CCl4 induced prolongation of pentobarbitone sleep time in Wister rats. The fractions, at a dose of 0.2 g/kg,0.4g/kg p.o., Sapindus mukorossi, Rheum emodi significantly prevents the CCl4 induced prolongation of pentobarbitone sleep time (P<0.01), indicating the cytochrome P450 protection activity...

T he petroleum ether (60-80°C) ex tract of OcilllulIl sanCIUln root was tested fo r pentobarbitone induced hypnosis in mice. The root extract or vehicle was admi nistered (i.p. ) and after 30 minutes pentobarbito ne sodium (35 mg/kg) was admini stered. The explo ratory behavi our like Water Maze Test was studi ed by imparting training to mice ill a rec tangular tank ha ving holes to escape, fil...

The new phase-II N-glucoside metabolites of butobarbitone and pentobarbitone are identified and quantified in human urine after single doses of these drugs. The identification and quantification of these metabolites were carried out by mass spectroscopy technique (accurate mass measurement and high voltage scanning). It was found that the butobarbitone N-glucoside comprised 26% of the dos...

The antistress effects of BR-16A, a polyherbal preparation and its interaction with GABAergic modulators against social isolation-induced stress were investigated in the present study. Isolation stress was induced by keeping the mice (Laca strain) individually in each cage for 3 weeks and various drug treatments were given for a period of 5 days before the start of the experiments. The various ...

Injection of formalin into the hindpaw of a rat induces a biphasic response in pain-related behaviours, such that C-fibre activation during phase 1 triggers a state of central sensitization characterized by a longer lasting phase 2. As the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) may participate in processing of nociceptive inputs, we hypothesized that pentobarbitone and propo...

1. The sensitivity of the central nervous system to barbiturate was determined in rats during the chronic administration of barbitone sodium and after its withdrawal.2. The brain barbiturate concentration determined on awakening from a hypnotic dose administered intraperitoneally was found to increase throughout the period of barbitone administration.3. A similar gradual development of central ...