Gastric acid output in response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia and pentagastrin was measured in 18 diabetic patients with symptoms of autonomic neuropathy. Two patients had achlorhydria but the rest responded normally to pentagastrin. The acid output evoked by insulin-induced hypoglycaemia was low in 10 of the 16 patients who secreted acid in response to pentagastrin. These changes suggest th...

BACKGROUND Provocative tests for calcitonin (CT) are fundamental in the diagnosis and follow-up of C-cell disease and in the detection of hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) carriers with unknown RET mutations. A recent report has proposed omeprazole, which can increase endogenous gastrin (GT), as a new provocative test for MTC. METHODS We compared the omeprazole test (20 mg twice a ...

The effects on gastrointestinal myoelectric activity of infused pentagastrin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and secretin at physiological doses were studied in live dogs with implanted serosal electrodes during 56 six-hour studies. Pentagastrin dose-dependently increased gastric and duodenal slow-wave frequencies; secretin and CCK did not. Pentagastrin and CCK diminished the incidence of fasting migra...

The effect of pentagastrin in step-wise increasing doses of 0 . 02, 2 . 0 and 20 nmol/kg/h (0 . 01, 1 . 0, and 10 . 0 micrograms/kg/h) on pepsin and acid secretion was studied in seven healthy subjects. The study was repeated on another day during infusion of glucagon in a dose of 103 pmol/kg/h (0 . 36 micrograms/kg/h) which results in plasma-glucagon concentrations comparable with those seen a...

BACKGROUND Pentagastrin enhances gastric mucosal defense mechanisms against acid and protects the gastric mucosa from experimental injury. AIMS To investigate whether this gastroprotection is mediated by histamine receptors or occurs as a secondary effect of acid secretion stimulation. METHODS The effects of omeprazole (100 mumol/kg), ranitidine (20 mg/kg), and pyrilamine (10 mg/kg) on pent...

Cholecystokinin (CCK) may mediate human anxiety and animal data suggest that cholecystokinin antagonists could provide an important advance in the treatment of anxiety disorders. The study of CCK receptor systems in psychiatric patients has, however, been severely limited by the lack of available probes. We utilized intravenous infusions of pentagastrin, a selective CCK-B receptor agonist, and ...

Lower oesophageal sphincter response to infusion of graded doses (0.003--0.050 microgram kg-1min-1) of pentagastrin was evaluated in four antrectomised patients as well as in six healthy subjects and seven achalasic patients in whom inhibition of antral gastrin release was maintained by continuous acidification (HC1 0.1 N) and aspiration of gastric antrum. In normal subjects and in antrectomise...

Six normal subjects were tested with various doses of histamine acid phosphate (1, 10, 40, and 80 mug/kg/hr) and pentagastrin (0.15, 1.5, 6.0, and 12.0 mug/kg/hr), the different doses of the stimulants being administered by separate continuous intravenous infusions. In each sample of gastric juice, which was collected at 15-minute intervals, we estimated the concentrations of the H(+), Na(+), K...

Prolonged stimulation with pentagastrin in doses of 100 and 500 ng h-1 kg-1 was performed in nine healthy subjects. A plateau in gastric secretion was reached after 90 min with 100 ng h-1 kg-1 and 500 ng h-1 kg-1 resulted in a secretory plateau after 60 min. When the plateau was reached the acid secretion rate was constant for the rest of the study, that is 4 h after beginning the pentagastrin ...

1. The acid secretory responses to insulin of forty-seven duodenal ulcer patients after truncal vagotomy and drainage were classified according to the criteria of Hollander (1946) into positive or negative. 2. The acid response to ranges of small doses of pentagastrin was studied in these two groups. In the group with a positive acid response after insulin the dose-response pattern to pentagast...