The aims of this study were to evaluate four preventive measures and two curative treatments of tail biting. The preventive measures were: chain, rubber hose, straw rack (5 g/pig/day) and the provision of straw on the floor twice daily by hand (2 10 g/pig/day). The two curative treatments, which were applied following the onset of tail biting in a pen were: straw twice daily (as in the fourth p...

Minimising stress in farmed crocodiles is not only important for improving animal welfare, but may also improve skin blemish healing and infection resistance, which influence the quality of the final skin product. Forty near-harvest size saltwater crocodiles (1.6-1.8 m TL) from two Australian farms were sampled to evaluate the effect of different pen types (communal pens n=20; individual pens n...

The author presents details on the cleaning and disinfection of specialised farrowing accommodation within an intensive pig unit. Procedures are described for use in two quite different sets of circumstances, as follows: in the event of the occurrence of one of the major notifiable epizootic diseases; routine cleaning and disinfection as part of normal management procedures. In the former case,...

Believable 3D animation of walking or running characters still requires complex motion capture technology or extensive skills in manual keyframing. We present an inexpensive, yet natural input method: The user “walks” on a digital graphics tablet, striding over the surface with two pens in his or her hands, where each pen represents one leg. This technique leverages the popular graphics tablets...

Two trials using a total of 1,484 Ross male broilers were conducted to study the effect of air velocities of 180 and 120 m/min versus still air (<15 m/min) on BW gain (BWG) and feed:gain from 3 to 7 wk of age. Broilers were raised in a common environment to 3 wk of age. The experimental facility was a closed sided house containing eight wind tunnel floor pens and six floor pens. There were two ...

PURPOSE Biological contamination of insulin pens in a hospital setting was studied. METHODS This prospective study, conducted at two hospitals within a multihospital system, examined 125 insulin pens that had been returned to the inpatient pharmacies after patient discharge and were refrigerated for up to 48 hours before laboratory testing. Insulin was removed from the 125 pens and examined m...

The objective of this study was to determine whether abattoir pens can provide a Salmonella enterica infection source during the 2 to 4 h of preharvest holding. Previous work has suggested that pigs may be getting infected, but little has been reported on the environmental contamination of abattoir holding pens. For 24 groups of pigs studied ( approximately 150 animals/group) at two high-capaci...