Lysosomal protein trafficking is a fundamental process conserved from yeast to humans. This conservation extends to lysosome-like organelles such as mammalian melanosomes and insect eye pigment granules. Recently, eye and coat color mutations in mouse (mocha and pearl) and Drosophila (garnet and carmine) were shown to affect subunits of the heterotetrameric adaptor protein complex AP-3 involved...

The eyes of deep-sea fish have evolved to function under vastly reduced light conditions compared to those that inhabit surface waters. This has led to a bathochromatic shift in the spectral location of maximum absorbance (lambda(max)) of their rod (RH1) pigments and the loss of cone photoreceptors. There are exceptions to this, however, as demonstrated by the deep-sea pearl eye Scopelarchus an...

Abstract Understanding consistencies and discrepancies in characterizing diversity quantity of phytoplankton is essential for better modeling ecosystem change. In this study, eukaryotic the Pearl River Estuary, South China Sea were investigated using nuclear 18S rRNA plastid 16S or 23S genes pigment analysis. It was found that abundance poorly explained variations total chlorophyll a (Chl- ). H...

A serious defect with the Halpern-Pearl (HP) definition of causality is repaired by combining a theory of causality with a theory of defaults. In addition, it is shown that (despite a claim to the contrary) a cause according to the HP condition need not be a single conjunct. A definition of causality motivated by Wright’s NESS test is shown to always hold for a single conjunct. Moreover, condit...

Pearl hunting is a traditional way of diving to retrieve pearl from pearl oysters or to hunt some other sea creatures. In some areas, hunters need to dive and search seafloor repeatedly at several meters depth for pearl oysters. In a search perspective, pearl hunting consists of repeated diversification (to surface and change target area) and intensification (to dive and find pearl oysters). A ...

In Drosophila melanogaster, each of the three paralogous ABC transporters, White, Scarlet and Brown, is required for normal pigmentation of the compound eye. We have cloned the three orthologous genes from the beetle Tribolium castaneum. Conceptual translations of Tribolium white (Tcw), scarlet (Tcst), and brown (Tcbw) are 51, 48, and 32% identical to their respective Drosophila counterparts. W...

Nano-encapsulated iron oxide in Zirconium oxide-coated mica pigments are thermally stable,innocuous to human health, non-combustible, and they do not conduct electricity. They could beapplied in several industries such as thermoplastics, cosmetics, food packaging, children toys, paints,automobiles coating, security purposes, and banknotes. Nowadays, they are highly desirable inceramic decoratio...

This article is meant to highlight Specification PEARL in an object-oriented perspective. Specification PEARL is a specification and description language, which originates from Multiprocessor PEARL (DIN 66253, Part 3), also named PEARL for distributed systems. It extends the standard by allowing the description of asymmetrical distributed architectures as well as by additional parameters for th...