INTRODUCTION Female sterilization has long been the most popular method of family planning (FP) in Pakistan, and yet most public health experts feel it contributes little to controlling family size or to population welfare. We used Pakistan Demographic Health Survey (PDHS) data to understand the role female sterilization plays in the overall context of FP in Pakistan. METHODS We performed a s...

We report the synthesis of multifunctional block copolymers (BCPs) showing a high Flory–Huggins interaction parameter (χ), which enable sub-10 nm line-space structures for low degree polymerization (N). The χ BCPs are based on poly(3,4-dihydroxystyrene)–block-poly(4-trimethylsilylstyrene) (PDHS-b-PTMSS) architecture. controlled PDHS-b-PTMSS precursors was performed using user-friendly sequentia...

BACKGROUND Several developing countries like Pakistan step into Sustainable Development Goals period with crucial maternal and child health needs that need to be addressed for improving health outcomes among people. We aim to explore existent socio-economic disparities in use of family planning methods (FPM) among Pakistani women, and compare any such inequalities between the years 2006 and 201...

Fertility rates in Pakistan have remained consistently high over the past three decades. While numerous studies have examined sociodemographic determinants, the role of biological factors, and particularly consanguinity, has received little attention, even though marriage between close biological relatives continues to be the norm in Pakistan. Reproductive behaviour among women in consanguineou...

Malnutrition particularly stunting considered as nutrient deficiency that has adverse effect on the children at micro level and to nation macro level. leads poor physical mental development of which may lead greater risk morbidity or critical infection ultimately economic loss society. The objective current study is find factors significantly affect among children. investigates said phenomenon ...

An octadecapeptide capable of inducing pigment dispersion in the chromatophores of the fiddler crab Uca pugilator has been isolated from lyophilized heads of the lubber grasshopper Romalea microptera. This pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) was purified by gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography, partition chromatography, and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Automated gas...

Penicillium digitatum is the most destructive postharvest pathogen of citrus fruits, causing fruit decay and economic loss. Additionally, control of the disease is further complicated by the emergence of drug-resistant strains due to the extensive use of triazole antifungal drugs. In this work, an orthologus gene encoding a putative sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) was identifi...

INTRODUCTION With the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) at 30% in 2006-7, the rates of contraception use among married women of reproductive age (MWRA) in Pakistan are among the lowest in the region. This paper explores some options of unmet need as a means of addressing the low CPR. METHODS We conducted secondary data analysis of the Pakistan Demographic Health Survey (PDHS) 2006-7 to unde...

Tissue culture plasticware was purchased from Corning (Corning, NY) and Thermo Fisher (Rochester, NY). RPMI 1640 and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were purchased from Mediatech Cellgro (Manassas, VA). MEM buffered with 10mM Hepes (pH 7.4) was prepared in the laboratory from MEM purchased from BioWhitaker (Walkersville, MD) and Hepes purchased from Fisher Scientific (Newark, DE). Fetal bovine ...

.. Globally 35 million people were living with HIV in 2013 whereas around 78 million people have been infected since the start of the epidemic and 39 million people have died of AIDSrelated illness. Objectives: To examine the factors associated with HIV/AIDS awareness of ever married men and women age 15-49. Design: The secondary data sets are used of Pakistan demographic and health survey (PDH...