The premammillary artery (PMA) is a branch of the posterior communicating artery (PCoA). While the PMA is known to originate from the PCoA as demonstrated by most anatomical studies, it originates directly from the internal carotid artery in approximately 1% of patients. Cerebral aneurysms associated with the PMA have rarely been reported. We report an extremely rare case of a ruptured PMA aneu...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Transcranial Doppler (TCD) can localize arterial occlusion in stroke patients. Our aim was to evaluate the frequency of specific TCD flow findings with different sites of arterial occlusion. METHODS Using a standard insonation protocol, we prospectively evaluated the frequency of specific TCD findings in patients with or without proximal extracranial or intracranial occ...

Activation of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) results in acute changes in cellular metabolism and transcriptional events that make the cell more robust when encountering an energy challenge. AMPK is thought to be inhibited by glycogen, the major storage form of intracellular carbohydrate. We hypothesized that long-chain acyl-CoA esters (LCACEs) might also inhibit AMPK signaling. Cytosol...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the morphometry of the posterior communicating artery (PCoA), on the basis of angio-computed tomography (CT), and to give proof of the mathematical definition of the term "hypopal sia of the PCoA". MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred 3-dimensional (3D) angio-CT images, performed in adult patients with bilateral reconstruction of the PCoA (200 ...

The rupture risk of unruptured intracranial aneurysms is known to be dependent on the size of the aneurysm. However, the association of morphological characteristics with ruptured aneurysms has not been established in a systematic and location specific manner for the most common aneurysm locations. We evaluated posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysms for morphological parameters associa...

The objective of this study was to investigate capsular outcomes 12 months after pediatric cataract surgery without intraocular lens implantation via qualitative classification and quantitative measurement.This study is a cross-sectional study that was approved by the institutional review board of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China.Digital coaxial retro-il...

Background Acute postoperative pain delays recovery and increases morbidity and mortality. Traditional administration of postoperative analgesics by nurses is often inefficient. The present study evaluated the safety, efficacy, and usability of a novel, patient-controlled analgesic dispenser, the PCoA Acute. Methods A controlled pilot study was conducted at three medical centers. Patients sch...

AIM Although true posterior communicating artery (PCoA) aneurysms are rare, they are of vital importance. We reviewed 9 patients with this fatal disease, who were treated with endovascular embolization, and discussed the meaning of endovascular embolization for the treatment of true PCoA aneurysms. MATERIAL AND METHODS From September 2006 to May 2012, 9 patients with digital substraction angi...

Blood-blister like aneurysms (BBAs) are challenging lesions because of their wide fragile neck. Flow-diverting stents (FDSs), such as the Pipeline Embolization Device (PED), have been applied to treat BBAs less amenable to more established techniques of treatment. However, the use of FDSs, including the PED, in acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) still remains controversial. We report a case of...