in this study, the spatial distribution of overwintered adults of sunn pest, eurygaster integriceps puton, was investigated by using dispersion parameters and indices, mathematical distribution, and regression techniques in rainfed wheat fields by sample size of 1 m2 in 2009 and 2010. the dispersion parameters including: mean-variance test and clumping parameter () showed that the overwintered ...

Indoor residual spraying—spraying insecticide inside houses to kill mosquitoes—is an important method for controlling malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa. We propose a mathematical model for both regular and non-fixed spraying, using impulsive differential equations. First, we determine the stability properties of the nonimpulsive system. Next, we derive minimal effective spraying intervals a...

Despite the ongoing preventive measures of vector control, dengue fever still presents outbreaks, and daily commuting people also facilitates its propagation. To contain disease spread after an outbreak has already occurred, local healthcare authorities are compelled to perform insecticide spraying as a corrective measure thus trying avoid massive human infections. Several issues concerned with...

The experimental study is done for technological parameters of high-melting metal arc spraying to study the influence of spraying current, spraying voltage and wire feed voltage on spraying arc and the influence of spraying current on coating temperature and analyze theoretically the distribution rules of spray gun jet speed field and temperature field and their influencing factors. The results...

The stricter legislation within the European Union for the regulation of herbicides that are prone to leaching causes a greater economic burden on the agricultural industry through taxation. Owing to the increased economic burden, research in reducing herbicide usage has been prompted. High-resolution images from digital cameras support the studying of plant characteristics. These images can al...

Heap-spraying is an attack technique that exploits memory corruptions in web browsers. A realtime detection of heap-spraying is difficult because of dynamic nature of JavaScript and monitoring overheads. In this paper, we propose a runtime detector of heap-spraying attacks in web browsers. We build a string trace graph by tracing all string objects and string operations in JavaScript. The graph...

A mathematical model for the simulation of the removal of hydrophilic compounds using biotrickling filtration was developed. The model takes into account that biotrickling filters operate by using an intermittent spraying pattern. During spraying periods, a mobile liquid phase was considered, while during non-spraying periods, a stagnant liquid phase was considered. The model was calibrated and...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of vector control and elimination of infected dogs on the incidence of infection with Leishmania chagasi. A randomized community intervention trial was carried out in Teresina between 1995 and 1996. The area was divided in 34 blocks randomically allocated to 4 types of intervention: 1) spraying houses and animal pens with insecticide; 2) sp...