background: patients with parkinson's disease (pd) have different cognitive impairments.the goal of this study is the analysis of these changes in the mentioned patients.a cross-sectional study was performed on 87 patients with pd. patients were given a questionnaire to gather data about their medical and living statuses. to assess cognitive assessment, scopa-cog (scales for outcome in parkinso...

Parkinson’s disease is the second most common age associated neuron degenerative disorder in developed societies. With the prevalence ranging from 41 per 100000 in the fourth decade of life to over 1900 per 100000 in people over 80 years of age.it characterized clinically by resting tremor, slowness of movement, rigidity and postural instability in the result of progressive loss of dopami...

background: parkinson's disease (pd) is a neurodegenerative disorder impairing motor, verbal and other abilities. visual evoked potential (vep) assessment is a useful method for analysis of visual system and its function. the present study was designed in order to evaluate whether vep changes are associated with pd. m aterials and methods: in the present study, 100 subjects encompassing 40 pati...

background: there is no documented demographical study on iranian parkinson's disease (pd) patients, so this study was conducted to identify demographic information about patients with pd in iran, and to explore demographical differences between pd patients in iran and other countries. methods: we reviewed medical records of 1656 patients diagnosed with pd, who referred from all parts of iran t...

background and objectives: parkinson's disease (pd) is a common neuropathologic disorder that is caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of dense part of nigra. oxidative stress has been found in the pathophysiology of pd. since α-pinene has strong anti-oxidant effects, the purpose of this research was to study its effects on movement disorders and memory and lipid peroxidation in p...

background & aim:parkinson's disease (pd) is a kind of disorder in the nervous system, which is characterized with multiple movement disorders. factors such as oxidative stress are the most important causes for the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and occurrence of parkinson's disease. thus, medications that have antioxidant functions could be an interestin...

cognitive deficits such as impairments in attention, memory, information processing and executive functioning can be found in some parkinson's disease (pd) patients. recent studies suggested that pd drivers generally performed poorer than their healthy age-matched controls with regards to their cognitive and motor abilities during the psychometric testing. according to michon’s model of ca...

objective: to investigate the correlation between lower and higher order sensory functions and manual dexterity as well as to identify the sensory measures that could predict manual dexterity in patients with idiopathic parkinson’s disease (pd). materials and methods: in this cross-sectional study, 55 patients with idiopathic pd by mean age of 59.85 ± 11.89 years, and mean hoehn and yahr stage ...

Although physiological function of alpha-synuclein is not yet clearly understood, accumulating evidence strongly suggests it plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson disease. Pathologically, alpha-synuclein is a major component of Lewy bodies, which is the pathological hallmark of Parkinson disease. Alpha-synuclein pathology is observed in the brainstem nuclei, including the dorsal...