Esterases are involved in the susceptibility or resistance of organisms to organophosphate pesticides. We have examined the action of parathion on the marine dinoflagellates Crypthecodinium cohnii and Prorocentrum micans by looking at their esterases. One-dimensional gel electrophoresis, immunoblotting and cytochemistry plus image analysis were used to characterize the nature and distribution o...

A mixed microbial culture was adapted to growth on parathion to determine the feasibility of using microorganisms to detoxify concentrated parathion in agricultural wastes. In a 600-ml chemostat, the culture was able to degrade 50 mg of parathion per liter per h. Para-nitrophenol, produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of parathion, caused delays in exponential growth which were directly proportional...

In the present study, organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) (diazinon, methyl parathion, and parathion) were oxidized by bubbling ozone into a glass reactor. OP residues were detected using HPLC and ozonation intermediates were identified using GC-MS. The degradation of OPs followed pseudo-first-order kinetics through direct ozone oxidation and indirect hydroxyl radical oxidation. Diazinon, based o...

The pharmacokinetics and placental transfer of a single dermal 10.0 mg (10microCi)/kg dose of uniformly phenyl-labeled [14C] methyl parathion (0,0-dimethyl 0-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate) were investigated in pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats at 14-18 days of gestation. Three rats were killed at each time interval: 1, 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after dosing. Radioactivity disappeared biexponen...

A pesticide runoff event was simulated on two 10 m x 50 m constructed wetlands (one non-vegetated, one vegetated) to evaluate the fate of methyl parathion (MeP) (Penncap-M). Water, sediment, and plant samples were collected at five sites downstream of the inflow for 120 d. Semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were deployed at each wetland outflow to determine exiting pesticide load. MeP was ...

Methyl parathion (C8H10NO5PS) and parathion (C10H14NO5PS) are both organophosphate insecticides (OPI) widely used for household and agricultural applications. They are known for their ability to irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase which often leads to a profound effect on the nervous system of exposed organisms. Many recently published studies have indicated that human exposure to OPI may...

BACKGROUND Developmental exposures to organophosphate pesticides are virtually ubiquitous. These agents are neurotoxicants, but recent evidence also points to lasting effects on metabolism. OBJECTIVES We administered parathion to neonatal rats. In adulthood, we assessed the impact on weight gain, food consumption, and glucose and lipid homeostasis, as well as the interaction with the effects ...

Methyl parathion induced alterations in the level of monoamines, viz. norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin were studied in discrete regions of developing central nervous system of rat pups. A significant decrease in the level of monoamines noticed in methyl parathion toxicosis may be related to the altered neuronal activity and inefficiency, leading to depression and impairment in various beh...

In this work, we report a green method for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNP) using the aqueous extract of red tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). We believe that citric acid and ascorbic acid present in tomato juice are responsible for the reduction of gold ions. This biosynthesized GNP in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate has been used as a colorimetric sensor to detect and estimate...