Parapneumonic effusions account for about one third of all pleural effusions. Approximately 40% of patients with pneumonia develop a concomitant effusion, which is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality. In order to select the most appropriate therapy for the individual patient, the effusion should be categorized as being in the exudative, fibropurulent, or organizational stage, a...

introduction: different etiologies of pleural effusion are diagnosed based on serum and plural fluid characteristics. the aim of this study was to assess and compare the serum and pleural fluid protein to lactate dehyrogenase (pr/ldh) ratio in exudative pleural effusions. materials and methods: this study was conducted on 60 patients with exudative pleural effusion including: 20 cases with para...

Background Empyema is a complication of bacterial pneumonia which has a particular importance due to its significant morbidity and mortality in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic factors of empyema in children with parapneumonic pleural effusion. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-section...

Background: pleural effusion is the common fi ndings in patients presenting with cardiopulmonary symptoms but specifi c studies are lacking in Nepal. Objective: The main objective of this study is to fi nd out the various causes of pleural effusion, their mode of clinical presentation and laboratory analysis of blood and pleural fl uid to aid diagnosis of patients with pleural effusion. Materia...

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of thoracoscopy in the management of children with complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion at the fibrinopurulent stage. METHODS Retrospective study of 99 children submitted to thoracoscopy for the treatment of complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion at the fibrinopurulent stage between November of 1995 and July of 2005. The mean age was 2.6 years (ra...

Objective: To determine the efficacy of thoracoscopy in the management of children with complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion at the fibrinopurulent stage. Methods: Retrospective study of 99 children submitted to thoracoscopy for the treatment of complicated parapneumonic pleural effusion at the fibrinopurulent stage between November of 1995 and July of 2005. The mean age was 2.6 years (ra...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to identify key factors on admission predicting the development of complicated parapneumonic effusion or empyema in patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia. METHODS A prospective observational study of patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia in NHS Lothian, UK, was conducted. Multivariate regression analyses were used to evaluate fa...

The aim of this study was to identify the participations of the serum coagulations and fibrinolysis factors that contribute to the differential diagnosis of the patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) without effusion, uncomplicated parapneumonic effusion (UCPPE) and complicated parapneumonic effusion (CPPE). The coagulations system is fundamental for the maintenance of homeostasis, an...