Dolphins have high propulsion and maneuvering performances. Dolphin’s tail flukes play an important role to generate propulsive force. We paid attention to a dolphin that lost most part of its tail flukes by disease kept in an aquarium, Okinawa, Japan. The dolphin could swim by attaching artificial tail flukes as well as a normal dolphin. The objective of this study is to discuss the effectiven...

Nuclear gene markers, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) and DNA polymerase delta (pold), have been developed for precise discrimination of Fasciola flukes instead of internal transcribed spacer 1. In this study, these two genes of 730 Fasciola flukes from eight Asian countries were analyzed. The results were compared with their mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1) lineages ...

Thresholds occur, and play an important role, in the dynamics of many biological communities. In this paper, we model a persistence type threshold which has been shown experimentally to exist in hyperparasitised flukes in the cockle, a shellfish. Our model consists of a periodically driven slow-fast host-parasite system of equations for a slow flukes population (host) and a fast Unikaryon hyper...

As many others parasites, speciation of flukes depends on the genetic characteristics and on ploidia. Ploidia of flukes can be different in a same species. In Asia, diploid, triploid and hybrid (2n/3n) populations are encountered. The comparison of morphological parameters between diploid and triploid flukes showed that they were morphologically different. Nevertheless, a genetic relationship b...

Sixteen calves approximately 6 months old were each infected with 500 metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica. Thirty-two days later they were weighed and divided into two groups, and on day 35 all calves in one of the groups were injected subcutaneously with an ivermectin/closantel combination. Both groups were sacrificed between days 70 and 72 to enable counting and examination of the flukes recov...

Studies were made of the effects of diamphenethide-amine on glucose transport, glycogen breakdown, adenine nucleotides, metabolites and excretory products in both parenchymal and bile duct flukes in vitro and in bile duct flukes in vivo. The most consistent and pronounced effect observed was an elevation of malate levels. There appeared to be no differences between responses of parenchymal and ...

Most of the authors working on the species composition of fam. Paramphistomidae (genus Paramphistomum) consider 5 valid species distributed in Europe, namely Paramphistomum cervi (Zeder, 1790)1, P. ichikawai Fukui, 1922, P. microboihrium Fischoeder, 19012, P. daubrteyi Dinnik, 19623 and P. gotoi Fukui, 1922 (cf. Kamburov, 1977 ; Sey, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1982 ; Odening and Gräfner, 1979, Odening, ...