In this paper we propose the application of Pareto ant colony optimization (PACO) in solving a bi-objective capacitated vehicle routing problem with route balancing (CVRPRB). The objectives of the problem are minimization of the tour length and balancing the routes. We propose PACO as our response to the deficiency of the Pareto-based local search (P-LS) approach which we also developed to solv...

AIMS To describe the relation between oscillatory amplitude changes and arterial blood gas (ABG) changes in preterm infants receiving high frequency oscillatory ventilation, using a multiparameter intra-arterial sensor (MPIAS). METHODS Continuous MPIAS ABG data were collected after amplitude changes and stratified according to FIO(2): high (> 0.4) or low (< 0.3). For each amplitude change, th...

Measurements of cerebral blood flow (CBF) were made in anaesthetized baboons before and after ipsilateral carotid artery ligation and also after bilateral carotid ligation. Results showed that at normocapnia (PaCO(2) 38-39 mmHg) there was little change in cerebral blood flow on ipsilateral carotid ligation, but when both carotid arteries were tied the blood flow to the brain fell significantly....

OBJECTIVES To review the arterial carbon dioxide tensions (PaCO(2)) in newborn infants ventilated using synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) in volume guarantee mode (using the Dräger Babylog 8000+) with a unit policy targeting tidal volumes of approximately 4 mL/kg. METHODS Data on ventilator settings and arterial PaCO(2) levels were collected on all arterial blood gases (A...

Hypoventilation increases PaCO(2) (hypercapnia) and initiates the acid-base disorder known as respiratory acidosis. Hyperventilation decreases PaCO(2) (hypocapnia) and initiates the acid-base disorder known as respiratory alkalosis. The impact on acidity of these primary changes in PaCO(2) is ameliorated by secondary, directional changes in plasma bicarbonate concentration that occur in two sta...

The automotive deployment problem is a real-world constrained multiobjective assignment problem in which software components must be allocated to processing units distributed around a car’s chassis. Prior work has shown that evolutionary algorithms such as NSGA-II can produce good quality solutions to this problem. This paper presents a population-based ant colony optimisation (PACO) approach t...

In cloud computing tasks scheduling problem is NP-hard, furthermore it does onerous for attaining an optimum resolution. Extremely quick optimization algorithms are used to proximate the optimum resolution, like ACO (ant colony optimization) algorithm. In cloud computing, in consideration to solve the problem of task scheduling, a period ACO (PACO)-based arranging algorithmic rule has been used...

Recent studies suggest that activation of the sympathetic nervous system either directly or indirectly influences cerebrovascular tone in humans even within the autoregulatory range. In 6 healthy subjects (aged 29+/-4 years), we used transcranial Doppler sonography to determine cerebral blood flow velocity during sympathetic activation elicited through head-up tilt (HUT) and sympathetic deactiv...

OBJECTIVE The goal of this study is to follow longitudinally the prominent ears treated by either cartilage-sparing techniques (CSTs) or percutaneous adjustable closed otoplasty (PACO) and compare them as to efficacy, reoccurrence, complications, and patient contentedness. METHODS The CSTs were applied to the first group, that is, 17 patients (32 ears) with stiff auricular cartilage; whereas ...