This study presents a review of biodegradability modeling efforts including a detailed assessment of two models developed using an artificial intelligence based methodology. Validation results for these models using an independent, quality reviewed database, demonstrate that the models perform well when compared to another commonly used biodegradability model, against the same data. The ability...

Crystallinities of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) films containing various amounts of an oxo-biodegradable additive (HES-W) were investigated immediately after preparation and 6 weeks after ultraviolet (UV) irradiation (λ=254 nm). HDPE granules were mixed with oxo-biodegradable masterbatch in a twin-screw extruder and the extrudates were converted into films with thicknesses of 35±5 micromete...

Varying amounts of an amorphous poly(1-hexene) (PH, Mv 1.7×106 Da) were added to an LLDPE matrix containing 3% w/w Addiflex oxo-biodegradable additive (HES-W) and extruded and converted into films. Then the effect of presence of PH was investigated on microstructure, thermal and tensile behavior of polymer films before and after 6 weeks of ultra violet irradiation (UVR). Due to UVR, ...

Engineered sub-micron particles are being used in many technical applications, leading to an increasing introduction into the aquatic environment. Only a few studies have dealt with the biodegradability of non-functionalized organic particles. In fact the knowledge of organically surface functionalized colloids is nearly non-existent. We have investigated the biodegradability of organically sur...

The biodegradability of three types of bioplastic pots was evaluated by measuring carbon dioxide produced from lab-scale compost reactors containing mixtures of pot fragments and compost inoculum held at 58 °C for 60 days. Biodegradability of pot type A (composed of 100% polylactic acid (PLA)) was very low (13 ± 3%) compared to literature values for other PLA materials. Near infrared spectrosco...

Biodegradation is generally recognised as an important removal mechanism for pollutants in natural ecosystems. It determines the concentration of substances in the environment. According to the legislation of the European Union, there are three levels for biodegradability testing protocols for chemicals which cover different test conditions. This paper describes one such multilevel approach to ...

Detergent surfactants can be found in wastewater in relevant concentrations. Most of them are known as ready degradable under aerobic conditions, as required by European legislation. Far fewer surfactants have been tested so far for biodegradability under anaerobic conditions. The natural environment is predominantly aerobic, but there are some environmental compartments such as river sediments...

Indandione 1 was brominated to yield 2-bromoIndandione 2 which on further reacted with substituted thiocarbamides, carbamides, 2-aminothiophenols, 2-aminophenol and triazoles to furnished 3-substituted aniline-2-thia-4-aza-6,7-benzo-8-oxo-bicyclo [3.3.0]-1(5),3-octadiene 3, 3-substituted aniline-2-oxa-4-aza-6,7-benzo-8-oxo-bicyclo [3.3.0]-1(5),3-octadiene 4, 2-Thia-5-aza-9-oxo-3,4-(3’-substitut...