There is no single answer to the question ‘How is oxidative phosphorylation controlled (or regulated)?’. Control varies with conditions, and is shared between at least two different reactions under all conditions. However, it is possible to provide a simple quantitative description of the control using control analysis. Hecause of the kinetics of all three blocks of reactions involved, oxidatio...

Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the antioxidant defense system and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). At low levels, ROS are involved in regulation redox signaling for cell protection. However, upon chronical increase oxidative stress, damage occurs, due to protein, DNA lipid oxidation. Here, we investigated modifications myofilament proteins, their role modulating...

We measured significant undershoots of the concentrations of free ADP ([ADP]) and Pi ([Pi]) and the free energy of ATP hydrolysis (DeltaGATP) below initial resting levels during recovery from severe ischemic exercise with 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in 11 healthy sports students. Undershoots of the rate of oxidative phosphorylation would be predicted if the rate of oxidative pho...

metals can cause oxidative stress by increasing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ros), which make antioxidants incapable of defiance against growing amounts of free radicals. metal toxicity is related to their oxidative state and reactivity with other compounds. however, several reports about metals have been published in the recent years. mitochondria, as a site of cellular oxygen con...

The modelling of OXPHOS (oxidative phosphorylation) in order to integrate all kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of chemiosmotic theory has a long history. We briefly review this history and show how new ways of modelling are required to integrate a local model of the individual respiratory complexes into a global model of OXPHOS and, beyond that, into a reliable overall model of central metabol...