Background Pre-conceptional supplementation with folic acid is recognized as essential for the prevention of neural tube defects. However, the reproductive effects of folic acid may extend well beyond this well-recognized effect and may have an important role in improving fertility and survival of the conceptus and fetus. MaterialsAndMethods We evaluated the association between pre-conceptional...

BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is often characterized by chronic oligo- or anovulation (usually manifested as oligo- or amenorrhea), and hyperandrogenism. In addition, 30-40% of PCOS women have impaired glucose tolerance, and a defect in the insulin signaling pathway (inositol-containing phosphoglycan mediators) seems to be implicated in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. PCOS...

Infertility affects one in seven couples during their lifetime. Approximately one-quarter of these will have an ovulatory disorder contributing to their inability to conceive. Ovulatory disorders represent the simplest form of infertility to treat, and where this is not a result of ovarian failure or poor ovarian reserve most women require ovulation induction with clomifene citrate (CC). This r...

Yolk coelomitis as a result of pre-ovulatory follicular stasis is a common disorder in captive reptiles, especially in captive lizards of various genera. The clinical signs are generally fairly non-specific and diagnosis is based on clinical signs together with most of the common diagnostic modalities. The condition is most likely a husbandry and environment-related reproductive disorder. It ha...

l p g ( N a Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is considered the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, but prevalence estimates have varied from a low of 4.6% found by Knochenhauer et al in 1998 to a high of .8% noted by Diamanti-Kandarakis et l in 1999. Other estimates have fallen etween these ranges. The exact cause of PCOS still is unknown, but it is characterized b...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age, is characterized by the coexistence of hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries (PCO). PCOS also represents the largest part of female oligoovulatory infertility, and the management of ovulatory and menstrual dysfunction, comprises a third of the high costs of PCOS treatm...

The changes in the serum prolactin levels during 8 ovulatory cycles, 3 anovulatory cycles, 3 clomiphene treated cycles, 4 premarin treated cycles and 2 cycles which had just become pregnant were measured by our heterologous radioimmunoassay. Serum prolactin levels showed an increase in the ovulatory phase in 6 out of 8 ovulatory women and in the luteal phase in 5 out of 8 ovulatory women respec...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether hormonal, metabolic, and anthropomorphic parameters change over 20 years in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS One hundred ninety-three women with PCOS, aged 20-25 years, were diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria, divided into four phenotypes (A-D), and followed at 5-year intervals for 20 years. Androgens, gonadotropins, insulin, glucose, ...