Throughout our lives, epigenetic processes shape our development and enable us to adapt to a constantly changing environment. Identifying and understanding environmentally induced epigenetic change(s) that may lead to adverse outcomes is vital for protecting public health. This review, therefore, examines the present understanding of epigenetic mechanisms involved in the mammalian life cycle, e...

background: women 35-39 years old have a 2–3 fold higher risk of pregnancy-related death than women in their twenties and the risk is even more dramatic for women 40 years and older. objective: the aim of this study was to investigate the association of maternal age with risk of adverse pregnancy and mother outcomes in our setting tehran iran. materials and methods: in this retrospective observ...

Background and Objective: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is the technique of choice for providing enteral access to patients who require long-term enteral nutrition. This study was performed to evaluate the outcomes and complications of PEG. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 77 patients (45 men, 32 women; age mean: 58.9±19.7 years, Min: 14 years, Max: 89 Years)...

Particulate matter (PM) exposure during in utero life may entail adverse health outcomes in later-life. Air pollution's adverse effects are known to alter gene expression profiles, which can be regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). We investigate the potential influence of air pollution exposure in prenatal life on placental miRNA expression. Within the framework of the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort, we m...

OBJECTIVES As personalized medicine (PM) is expected to greatly improve health outcomes, efforts have recently been made for its clinical implementation in Korea. We aimed to evaluate public awareness and attitude regarding PM. METHODS We performed a self-administered questionnaire survey to 703 adults, who participated in the survey on a voluntary basis. The primary outcome measures included...

In recent years there have been marked changes in organisational structures and budgetary arrangements in the English NHS, potentially altering the relationships between purchasers (primary care organisations (PCOs) and general practices) and providers. Using data on elective hospital admissions from 1997/98 to 2002/03 we find that commissioning has become significantly more concentrated at PCO...

Background and aims Particulate matter exposure during in utero life may entail adverse health outcomes later in life. Epidemiological studies in adults have linked air pollution’s adverse effects to alterations in gene expression profiles, which can be regulated by epigenetic mechanisms, including microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs have been implicated in diverse biological processes. We investigate t...

OBJECTIVES To understand the logistics and supply management system of drugs at different levels within the district health care delivery system of Dharbanga in Bihar. METHOD This was a cross-sectional study in 3 Primary Health Centres (PHCs), 3 Additional Primary Health Centres (APHCs) and 6 Subcentres (SCs) during September-December 2008. The study subjects were Civil Surgeon, Pharmacists, ...

BACKGROUND Health and fitness applications (apps) have gained popularity in interventions to improve diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviours but their efficacy is unclear. This systematic review examined the efficacy of interventions that use apps to improve diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children and adults. METHODS Systematic literature searches were conducted i...