A comparative approach was used to evaluate the cryosurvival of turkey and crane sperm frozen in a dimethylacetamide (DMA) cryodiluent supplemented with osmoprotectants and ATP. A range (6-26%) of DMA concentrations was used alone or in combination with ATP (30, 60 or 118mM) or one of the following osmoprotectants: (1) sucrose (turkey, 8.0%; crane, 5.0%); (2) 5.0% sucrose and 5.0% trehalose; or...

Halorhodospira halochloris is an extremely halophilic bacterium isolated from hypersaline Wadi Nantrun lakes in Egypt. Here we report the draft genome sequence of this gammaproteobacteria (GI number: 589289709, GenBank Accession number: CP007268). The 3.5-Mb genome encodes for photosynthesis and biosynthesis of organic osmoprotectants. Comparison with the genome of H.halophila promises to yield...

theeffect of salt stress on the pysiological and biochemical responses of the seedlings of eight eucalyptus species viz. e. kingsmillii, e. tetragona, e. salubris, e. occidentali, e. microtheca, e. camaldulensis, e. globules and e. sargentii was analyzed. four month-old seedlings grown in greenhouse were watered by five levels of salt solution (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mm of nacl) in five replic...

Genes encoding critical steps in the synthesis of osmoprotectant compounds are now being expressed in transgenic plants. These plants generally accumulate low levels of osmoprotectants and have increased stress tolerance. The next priority is therefore to engineer greater osmoprotectant synthesis without detriment to the rest of metabolism. This will require manipulation of multiple genes, guid...

High soil sodium (Na) is a common stress in natural and agricultural systems. Roots are usually the first tissues exposed to Na stress and Na stress-related impairment of mitochondrial function is likely to be particularly important in roots. However, neither the effects of NaCl on mitochondrial function, nor its protection by several potential adaptive mechanisms, have been well studied. This ...

Accumulation of compatible solutes is a strategy widely employed by bacteria to achieve cellular protection against high osmolarity. These compounds are also used in some microorganisms as thermostress protectants. We found that Bacillus subtilis uses the compatible solute glycine betaine as an effective cold stress protectant. Glycine betaine strongly stimulated growth at 15°C and permitted ce...

Identification of metabolic attributes of drought resistance in cowpea using metabolite profiling and osmotic adjustment analysis H. Trindade, E. Rosa, P. Goufo* Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal Plants tolerate drought by producing organic solutes, which act as compatible osmolytes that accumulate in the cytosol for osmotic adjustment, or osmoprotectants that stabilize cell...