Introduction: Introduction: Molecular components within the microenvironment act upon cell growth, survival/apoptosis, and proliferation. Immune system cells respond to molecules produced by the tumor and released in the surrounding microenvironment, such as cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. This study aimed to identify the effects of tumor environment on monocyte-macrophage cell linea...

Oxidative stress (OS), which has been implicated in pathogenesis of many acute and chronic diseases, plays an important role in diverse neurological disorders including depression and anxiety. OS is caused by a large amount of reactive oxygen species or impaired enzymatic or non-enzymatic defense against it. OS has been suggested to contribute to etiology of mentioned disorders. This review int...

The severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by COVID-19 is now a global catastrophic event. Currently thereis no approved drug or vaccine for the disease. Methylene blue (MB, oxidized form, blue color) has been used inmany different areas of clinical medicine, ranging from malaria to orthopedics. Leucomethylene Blue (reduced formof MB, colorless) may be applied for the treatm...

oxidative stress (os), which has been implicated in pathogenesis of many acute and chronic diseases, plays an important role in diverse neurological disorders including depression and anxiety. os is caused by a large amount of reactive oxygen species or impaired enzymatic or non-enzymatic defense against it. os has been suggested to contribute to etiology of mentioned disorders. this review int...

Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is reported to be associated with a high risk of recurrence, poor overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) rates. This study evaluated the clincopathological features and survival of non-metastatic TNBC women in the capital of Iran compared with other areas of the world. Methods: In a retrospective study, 119 women with TNBC based ...

     Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor that induces formation of osteoid or immature bone and rarely occurs in maxilla. Maxillofacial OSs are reported to occur in the third to fifth decades that is 1-2 decades later than the mean age for OS of long bones. The present case is a 62-year-old man with facial asymmetry and pain in his left upper jaw. Intraoral examination showed a bony hard, te...

b a ckground:  to compare the oxidative stress (os) factors in obese and non- obese subjects with type 2 diabetes (t2d) and to evaluate the interaction between the apolipoprotein a-ii (apo a-ii) - 265t > c polymorphism and body mass index (bmi) on os factors. m ethods : in this comparative cross-sectional study, 21 diabetes centers in tehran, iran were studied. 180 patients with t2d were divide...

osteosarcoma (os) is the eighth common cancer of childhood and its incidence is 4 cases in one million in children younger than 14. facial os incidence is estimated between 8 and 10% of os cases. the main etiology of os is unknown, but various predisposing factors are proposed such as radiation, radiotherapy, some benign bone diseases like paget’s disease or fibrous dysplasia. there is a 5-year...