Orthogonal latin squares of Sudoku type Hans-Dietrich Gronau Universität Rostock, Inst. für Mathematik 18051 Rostock, Germany We present results on the existence of orthogonal latin squares and latin rectangles of Sudoku type.

A Latin square is pan-Hamiltonian if the permutation which defines row i relative to row j consists of a single cycle for every i 61⁄4 j. A Latin square is atomic if all of its conjugates are pan-Hamiltonian. We give a complete enumeration of atomic squares for order 11, the smallest order for which there are examples distinct from the cyclic group. We find that there are seven main classes, in...

We show how to produce algebraically a complete orthogonal set of Latin squares from a left quasifield and how to generate algebraically a maximal set of self-orthogonal Latin squares from a left nearfield. For a left Veblen-Wedderburn system, we establish the algebraic relationships between the standard projective plane construction of a complete set of Latin squares, our projective plane cons...

A Latin square of order n is an n by n array in which every row and column is a permutation of a set N of n elements. Let L = [li,j ] and M = [mi,j ] be two Latin squares of even order n, based on the same N -set. Define the superposition of L onto M to be the n by n array A = (li,j ,mi,j). When n is even, L and M are said to be nearly orthogonal if the superposition of L onto M has every order...