The ability of yeast to form biofilms contributes to better survival under stressful conditions. We see the impact of yeast biofilms and "flocs" (clumps) in human health and industry, where forming clumps enables yeast to act as a natural filter in brewing and forming biofilms enables yeast to remain virulent in cases of fungal infection. Despite the importance of biofilms in yeast natural isol...

Leaf trichomes may protect plants against herbivorous insects, and may increase tolerance to drought and UV-radiation. The perennial herb Arabidopsis lyrata (Brassicaceae) is polymorphic for trichome production and occurs in a glabrous and trichome-producing form. In addition, there is quantitative variation in trichome density among trichome-producing plants. To examine the genetic basis of gl...

Transmission and propagation of mitochondrial genotypes in fungi have not been previously investigated in the field. This study examined the distribution of nuclear and mitochondrial genotypes in a natural, local population of the fungal (Basidiomycetes) root-rot pathogen, Armillaria. Six vegetative clones, ranging in size up to 635 m, were identified on the basis of mating-type alleles. Mitoch...

ANALYSIS of all types of mitotic segregants from diploids of Aspergillus nidulans with non-selective methods has shown that among conidia aneuploids resulting from mitotic nondisjunction occur with a relatively high frequency of 1-2% (GFER 1961). It seemed interesting to find out whether meiotic nondisjunction is also frequent in this species. In haploid organisms the only products of meiotic n...

Recent theoretical models have postulated a role for haploid-diploid conflict and for kin selection favouring sperm cooperation and altruism in the diversification and specialization of sperm form. A critical assumption of these models-that haploid gene expression contributes to variation in sperm form-has never been demonstrated and remains contentious. By quantifying within-male variation in ...

Doubled-haploid lines (DHs) are normally produced from F1 plants in maize (Zea mays L.). Several studies have found a low frequency of recombinants doubled haploids that could limit the selection response. Hence, an attempt was made to produce F2 generation verify whether one more round meiotic recombination lead increased genetic variability and assess response selection. The two cross-combina...

Strains of baker's yeast conventionally used by the baking industry in Japan were tested for the ability to sporulate and produce viable haploid spores. Three isolates which possessed the properties of baker's yeasts were obtained from single spores. Each strain was a haploid, and one of these strains, YOY34, was characterized. YOY34 fermented maltose and sucrose, but did not utilize galactose,...