one of the most important doctrines in christianity is original sin. it has a key role in christian theology and was the concern of many christian thinkers during the history of christianity. the debates and disputes of christian theologians about it, especially in early history of christianity lead to take a formal position about it by the church. in sacred texts of muslims, especially in holy...

The four dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1 to -4) cause the most important arthropod-borne viral disease of humans, with ∼100 million cases each year and over 3 billion people at risk for infection (1). The immune response to DENV infection is complex, because it can be either protective or pathogenic. The “original antigenic sin” in secondary (2°) DENV infections is defined as the dominance of cr...

To the Editor: While pandemic (H1N1) 2009 was in its earliest stages, age distribution data indicated surprisingly few cases among persons >65 years of age. The initial assumption was that few persons >65 years of age had yet to be exposed. However, as more data became available from Mexico, Australia, and the United States, the age distribution pattern persisted (1). This observation raised th...

was thinking when pondering certain inexplicable serologic data from a 1946 infl uenza vaccine trial may never be known. Whether in religious reverence for the beauty of science or impish delight fueled by the martini breaks of which he was so fond, Francis coined the term " original antigenic sin " to describe a curious new immunologic phenomenon. Elsewhere in this issue, Adalja and Henderson ...