Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and bowel resection might experience reduced effectiveness from oral contraceptive agents. We report a case of a woman with Crohn disease who became pregnant while compliant with her combined oral contraceptive pill (OCP) regimen. Patients with Crohn disease have a greater risk of contraceptive failure because the diseased bowel causes increased pa...

AIMS To determine the extent of combined oral contraceptive use by girls aged 10-16 years in Scotland. METHODS Assessment of combined oral contraceptive prescribing in 35 414 girls for the year 1 November 1999-31 October 2000 from data retrieved from 161 primary care practices taking part in the Scottish Programme for Improving Clinical Effectiveness in Primary Care, and from national aggrega...

BACKGROUND It is noted that oral contraceptive pills increase the risk of abnormal Pap smear but results have been inconsistent across the populations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the association between oral contraceptive pill (OCP) consumption and abnormal Pap smear in women who referred to Shahid Sadoughi and Madar hospitals in Yazd. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross sectional des...

BACKGROUND Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are one of the most reliable methods of contraception. However, lack of knowledge about oral contraceptive use and inconsistent pill-taking might result in decreased efficacy. The study reported here aimed to explore women's knowledge about oral contraceptive use and assess the factors associated with knowledge about OCPs among users. METHODS This cr...

Recent FDA approval of tenofovir-emtricitabine for prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as a form of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has led to concern about implementation of this strategy. Fifty years ago, a very similar national and international debate occurred when the oral contraceptive pill ("the Pill" or "OCP") was approved. Contentious issues included OCP safety, cost, and ...

INTRODUCTION It is of great importance for repeat unwanted pregnancies to be prevented rather than aborted. We therefore sought to: determine the reasons for contraceptive failure in women seeking repeat abortions; audit the peri-abortion contraception services offered at our hospital, and make recommendations regarding peri-abortion contraception services based on the above findings. METHOD ...

OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of the oral contraceptive pill (OCP) on skeletal health, soft tissue injury, and performance in female athletes. METHODS A literature review was performed using literature retrieval methods to locate relevant studies. RESULTS Most female athletes primarily choose to use the OCP for contraceptive purposes, but cycle manipulation and control of premenstrual...

The oral contraceptive pill (OCP) activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) through first-pass hepatic metabolism. Although usually benign, RAAS activation may have detrimental effects on renal and hemodynamic function in some women. Since combined hormonal contraception with the transdermal patch (EVRA) does not undergo first-pass hepatic metabolism, we hypothesized that the RA...

OBJECTIVE We describe rates of unintended pregnancy among HIV positive couples in Lusaka, Zambia. We also identify factors associated with unintended pregnancy among oral contraceptive pill (OCP) using couples in this cohort. DESIGN Data were analyzed from couples randomized in a factorial design to two family planning intervention videos. METHODS Rates of unintended pregnancy were stratifi...