before an outstanding article in 1999 by richard holton, weakness of will was identified as an agent's action contrary to his or her better judgment, while other better choices are available. the contemporary account of weakness of will (i.e., holton’s theory) explains it in terms of intention. accordingly, weakness of will happens if an agent fails to stick to his or her previously formed inte...

Weaning from mechanical ventilation is still a major challenge in critical care units. Prolonged ventilation is clearly associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality. For this reason, in recent years, many studies have aimed to identify which patients are ready to breathe on their own. Despite some controversial conclusions, most of us have included daily interruption of sedation, ligh...

Recent studies have conjectured that there may be a link between financial liberalization and financial instability in emerging economies. Most of these studies, however, do not investigate whether emerging economies are becoming structurally more vulnerable to currency and banking crises. In this paper, we argue that emerging economies are systematically becoming more susceptible to both curre...