— The microstructure identification problem is treated : given certain phases in given volume fractions, how to mix them in aperiodic cell so that the effective material constants of the periodic composite lie the closest possible to certain prescribed values ? The problem is studied for the linear conduction équation. It is stated in terms of optimal con trol theory ; the admissible micro geom...

various methods have been used to economically design wastewater and stormwater collection systems. in this article, discrete differential dynamic programming (dddp) which is a subsection of dynamic programming (dp) was used. for each pipe network, various alternatives such as depth and slope of pipe laying and various diameters could be considered to satisfy hydraulic and engineering constrain...