Introduction: Remarkable increases in the internet traffic have recently propelled upgrades in the wide-area and metropolitan-area networks employing advanced wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) and time-division-multiplexing (TDM) communication systems. Modern local-area networks (LANs) on the other hand, require less processing at the centre nodes but more flexible high-speed access at the...

A review of passive components based on optical microfibers is presented. KeywordsOptical fibre tapers; optical microfibers, fibre devices, optical fibre nanowires

Optical Amplifiers are essentials components in long haul fibre optic system. An amplifier is a electronic device that can increase the power of signal. An Optical Amplifier is effectively the opposite of attenuator while Optical Amplifiers provide gain and attenuator provides loss. When a signal travels in a optical fibre medium the signal suffer from various losses such as fibre losses, atten...

In this paper, we propose an optical millimetre wave radio-over-fibre (mm-wave RoF) system that uses a dual drive Mach Zehnder modulator (DD-MZM), which is biased at the maximum transmission biasing point, to generate an optical double sideband-suppressed carrier. The input to the DD-MZM are binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 8-phase shift keying (8-PSK) and...

In Malaysia, fiber cable is commonly installed underground or overhead. Once optical fibre cable is installed either underground or over-head, there is no physical maintenance implemented. The only maintenance on fibre cable is the monitoring of optical fibre attenuation. Bend loss affects the attenuation and any bending cable that contributes to the bend loss remains unmaintained since there i...

Today’s digital frontier can be described as the new Wild West with untested cutting-edge technologies finding their way into the public domain. With increased interest in Gigabit Passive Optical Networks (GPON) to provide LAN access, one question must be asked. What is the risk? Risks associated with traditional Ethernet LAN technologies are well known and documented. As is common with new tec...

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is a recent technique developed to generate slow light in optical fibres. It is the simplest and most applicable method of slow light production. In this paper a high power laser pump was used to provide the Brillouin gain of a low power signal of -10 dBm. Three single mode fibres namely, standard fibre (STD), large area fibre (LA) and reduced slope fibre (...

A core component of all scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) systems is the optical probe, which has evolved greatly but still represents the limiting component for the system. Here, we introduce a new type of optical probe, based on a Fractal Fibre which is a special class of photonic crystal fibre (PCF), to directly address the issue of increasing the optical throughput in SNOM probe...

In this work, we examine the downstream impediments of centralized Ethernet passive optical networks supporting LAN emulation [inter-Optical Network Units communication(ONU)]. The available downstream bandwidth in the centralized scheme is reduced due to LAN emulation and upstream bandwidth allocation functions. The reduction in available downstream bandwidth results in degraded downstream perf...