In 1851, the introduction of the ophthalmoscope by Von Helmholtz revolutionized ophthalmology. With the ophthalmoscope, Von Graefe and others at the time were the first to visualize the optic disc of blind patients in whom the eyeballs were firm but noncongested. They classified this condition as simple glaucoma and labeled the appearance of the optic disc as ‘cupped’. Since then, the term ‘cup...

PURPOSE To determine the accuracy and reproducibility of ultrasonographic (US) readings of optic disc elevations in patients with papilledema compared with confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope (CSLO) measurements. METHODS One randomly selected eye of 22 patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and a variable degree of optic disc swelling underwent five and three repeated mea...

1. Hoyt WF. Ophthalmoscopy of the retinal nerve fibre layer in neuroophthalmologic diagnosis. Aust J Ophthalmol. 1976;4(1):14-34. doi:10.1111 /j.1442-9071.1976.tb00846.x. 2. Unsöld R, Hoyt WF. Band atrophy of the optic nerve: the histology of temporal hemianopsia. Arch Ophthalmol. 1980;98(9):1637-1638. 3. Kupersmith MJ, Krohn D. Cupping of the optic disc with compressive lesions of the anterior...

!. Two psychophysical tests to assess retinal function in ocular hypertension and glaucoma are described. The basis for these tests is the frequency-doubled percept seen with rapid temporal modulation of the contrast of very low spatial frequencies. 2. The results of the second set of experiments show correlation (P < 0.01) with optic disc cupping. Without the inclusion of information about sub...

PURPOSE To evaluate the reproducibility of ImageJ software in analyzing the color of the optic disc. METHODS One hundred twelve normal participants (56 males and 56 females) were enrolled in this study. The image of the optic disc was taken using Kowa digital disc photo-graphy, and the gray scales of the nasal rim (NR), brightest cupping center (BCC) and largest inferior retinal vein (IRV) we...

PURPOSE The mechanism of cupping reversal seen after lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in pediatric glaucoma is unknown. Theories include forward movement of the lamina cribrosa or shrinkage of a stretched scleral canal. Our study aimed to quantify changes in optic disc size occurring in children who had undergone glaucoma surgery. DESIGN Retrospective, single-center, observational case ser...

Methods: Complete examination, SAP, shortwavelength automated perimetry (SWAP), frequency doubling technology (FDT), scanning laser polarimetry (GDx-VCC), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), optic disc, and macula were performed. Glaucomatous optic neuropathy was defined as cup-disc asymmetry between fellow eyes of greater than 0.2, rim ...

We evaluated the ability of spectral-domain optic coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to differentiate large physiological optic disc cupping (LPC) from glaucomatous cupping in eyes with intraocular pressure (IOP) within the normal range. We prospectively enrolled patients with glaucoma or presumed LPC. Participants had optic discs with confirmed or suspected glaucomatous damage (defined as a vertica...

AIMS To evaluate the effect of acute elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) on optic disc cupping. METHODS 10 emmetropic and 10 myopic volunteers were included in this study. The cup area (CA) and cup volume (CV) of the optic disc were determined with the Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT). After baseline determinations, a suction cup was used to increase the intraocular pressure (IOP) to 20-...