background & aim: glioblastoma multiforme (gbm), the highest grade glioma (grade iv), is the most malignant form of astrocytoma in adults. this study aimed at evaluating the relationship between demographic, clinical and medical factors with gbm outcome. methods & materials/patients: through a cross-sectional design, 58 patients with newly diagnosed gbm were studied from 1999 to 2015 in guilan ...

We report a case of a suspected secondary central nervous system(CNS)primitive neuroectodermal tumor(PNET)that developed 25 years after radiation therapy for a medulloblastoma of the cerebellum. At 5 years of age, the patient underwent craniotomy and subsequent radiation therapy of the whole brain(39Gy), whole spinal cord(9Gy), and posterior fossa(49Gy)for the treatment of a medulloblastoma of ...

Background & Aim: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the highest grade glioma (grade IV), is the most malignant form of astrocytoma in adults. This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between demographic, clinical and medical factors with GBM outcome. Methods & Materials/Patients: Through a cross-sectional design, 58 patients with newly diagnosed GBM were studied from 1999 to 2015 in Guil...

background: in order to deliver the precise dose to the target in radiotherapy, absorbed dose to water at the reference point should be assessed. when the calibration procedure is performed for a reference dosimeter in the 60co beam of a secondary standard dosimetry laboratory (ssdl), the total uncertainty in absorbed dose to water (dw) is estimated to be approximately 1.5%. this study attempts...

background: despite the development of pediatric post-operative pain management and use of analgesic/narcotic drugs, post-operative pain remains as a common problem. some studies suggested, the most effective approach to controlling immediate post-operative pain may include a combination of drug agents and non-drug methods. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of music therapy on...

a common complication of prosthetic heart valves is thrombosis. although the incidence of prosthetic valve thrombosis (pvt) in the tricuspid position is high, there are not enough data on the management of it, in contrast to left-sided pvt. here, we describe three cases of tricuspid pvt with three different management approaches: thrombolytic therapy; close observation with oral anticoagulants;...

introduction: antibiotic therapy before or after orthognathic surgery is commonly recommended by surgeons to minimize the risk of wound infection. this article evaluates the value of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in order to diminish the incidence of postoperative wound infection after orthognathic surgery.   materials and methods: fifty candidates for bimaxillary orthognathic surgery were di...