this paper demonstrates a method to how reserve capacity and cost allocation could be determined in a pool-based and disaggregated market model. the method considers both the spinning reserve and interruptible loads as the operating reserve services. in the proposed market, generators and consumers (including participation of interruptible loads) submit offers and bids to the independent system...

This paper demonstrates a method to how reserve capacity and cost allocation could be determined in a pool-based and disaggregated market model. The method considers both the spinning reserve and interruptible loads as the operating reserve services. In the proposed market, generators and consumers (including participation of interruptible loads) submit offers and bids to the independent system...

In this research study, energy, exergy and economic analyses is performed for a combined cycle power plant (CCPP) with a supplementary firing system. The purpose of this analyses is to evaluate the economic feasibility of a CCPP by applying an optimization techniques based on Evolutionary algorithms. Actually, the evolutionary algorithms of Firefly, PSO and NSGA-II are applied to minimize the c...

In addressing the topic of decision making in the water sector, what has been suggested to be useful up to this point is benchmarking. This paper aims at exploring the relationship between the Operating Cost Coverage Index and customer complaints about water and wastewater services for 1898 water utilities in 11 countries, i.e., Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Lithuania, Peru, Poland, Russia, Se...

Managing a digital signage infrastructure and distributing content on a per-screen basis is not a trivial task. Then, imagine expanding to more than 4,200 screens in over 1,600 stores located throughout Spain. This was the “New Image” project plan, implemented by Vodafone España, S.A.U., a subsidiary of Vodafone Group Plc – one of the world’s leading mobile telecommunications companies. A key c...

One of the problems in dealing with the above scenario is the lack of timely, accurate cost data upon which to base any decisions. Cost information is inadequate in many hospital departments, but the place where the lack of accurate cost data is most evident is often the Operating Room. The Surgery department is the leader in medical supply usage for the entire hospital. Decisions are made here...

The Cooling Tower Energy & Operating Cost Analysis Software is an in-house program developed by Tower Tech and is used to design and evaluate the performance and life-cycle costs associated with a cooling tower. This version can be used to estimate the cost to purchase and operate a Tower Tech cooling tower and a competitor’s tower. A number of assumptions about the details of the competitor’s ...