In this letter we clarify the role of heat flux in the hydrodynamic balance equations in 2D quantum wells, facilitating the formulation of an Onsager relation within the framework of this theory. We find that the Onsager relation is satisfied within the framework of the 2D hydrodynamic balance equation transport theory at sufficiently high density. The condition of high density is consonant wit...

We evaluate the Onsager matrix for a system under time-periodic driving by considering all its Fourier components. By application of the second law, we prove that all the fluxes converge to zero in the limit of zero dissipation. Reversible efficiency can never be reached at finite power. The implication for an Onsager matrix, describing reduced fluxes, is that its determinant has to vanish. In ...

Onsager symmetry implies that a Brownian motor, driven by a temperature gradient, will also perform a refrigerator function upon loading. We analytically calculate the corresponding heat flow for an exactly solvable microscopic model and compare it with molecular dynamics simulations.

Synopsis We examine several definitions of surface tension between oppositely magnetised phases in the two-dimensional Ising model. With nearest-neighbour attractive interactions, we prove that at low temperatures (large B) all the definitions agree with that of Onsager.

Models for the prediction of conductance in nonbrine water samples through the measurement of ionic concentrations and other parameters are compared. Such predictions are often used for quality assurance purposes by comparing them with actual measurements to determine whether gross analysis errors have been made. A currently recommended method for making such predictions is a semiempirical rela...

We investigate critical points of the Onsager free-energy model on a sphere with different potential kernels, including dipolar potential, Maier-Saupe coupled dipolar/Maier-Saupe and potential. A uniform sampling method is implemented for discretization model, solution landscapes are constructed using saddle dynamics downward/upward search algorithms. first construct potentials, which all axisy...